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Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease representing a major public health challenge. Indeed, overweight and obese people carry a major risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been demonstrated that polyphenols could be used to counteract some of the mechanisms involved in the generation of insulin resistance. The model of overfeeding represents a very good study model of the metabolic complications of obesity, since it has been shown to induce a transient state of insulin resistance in the human.
The purpose of this research is to study the effects of a overfeeding (+50% of daily caloric needs over 31 days) with or without polyphenols supplementation (2g/days over 31 days) on insulin sensitivity measured in the setting of a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp and on post prandial partitioning of exogenous lipids after a test meal.
During 31 days, the volunteers will consume chocolate bars, chips, chocolate breads and cola in addition to their usual diet and will be supplemented with 2g of grape polyphenols extract or with placebo.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2g of grape polyphenol extract supplement | Experimental | Men will have to consume daily 2g of grape polyphenol extract during the 31 days of overfeeding. |
|
| 2g of placebo (lactose) | Placebo Comparator | Men will have to consume daily 2g of placebo during the 31 days of overfeeding. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2g of grape polyphenol extract | Dietary Supplement | Men will have to consume daily 2g of grape polyphenol extract during the 31 days of overfeeding. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Peripheral insulin sensitivity | Volunteers will have peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity determined by using a two-stage hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with stable isotopically labeled tracer infusion. | During 31 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatic insulin sensitivity | Endogenous glucose production (EGP) will be determined during the last 30 minutes of the low-dose insulin infusion. | before and after the 31 days of overfeeding |
| Change in genes expression in adipose and muscle tissues |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Martine LAVILLE, MD, PhD | Rhône Alpes Human Nutrition Center (CRNH Rhône-Alpes) | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhône Alpes Human Nutrition Center (CRNH Rhône-Alpes) | Pierre-Bénite | 69495 | France |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36386937 | Derived | Bartova S, Madrid-Gambin F, Fernandez L, Carayol J, Meugnier E, Segrestin B, Delage P, Vionnet N, Boizot A, Laville M, Vidal H, Marco S, Hager J, Moco S. Grape polyphenols decrease circulating branched chain amino acids in overfed adults. Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 26;9:998044. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.998044. eCollection 2022. | |
| 35614978 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019587 | Dietary Supplements |
| D007785 | Lactose |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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| Dietary Supplement: 2g of placebo (lactose) | Dietary Supplement | Men will have to consume daily 2g of placebo during the 31 days of overfeeding. |
|
RT-PCR
| Before and after the 31 days of overfeeding |
| Anthropometry, Fat quantification and Abdominal fat distribution | Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, fat mass using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and abdominal fat distribution using resonance magnetic imaging (RMI). | During 31 days |
| Fasting and Postprandial partitioning of exogenous lipid | 13C enrichment will be measured in blood samples and breath test during a test meal performed before and after the 31 days of overfeeding. | Fasting and during all the postprandial period (0-300 minutes) |
| Modification in intestinal microbiota | Feces analyses | Before and after the 31 days of overfeeding |
| Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation with indirect calorimetry | Energy metabolism will be measured before and after the 31 days of overfeeding. | Fasting and during all the postprandial period (0-300 minutes) |
| Segrestin B, Delage P, Nemeth A, Seyssel K, Disse E, Nazare JA, Lambert-Porcheron S, Meiller L, Sauvinet V, Chanon S, Simon C, Ratiney H, Beuf O, Pralong F, Yassin NA, Boizot A, Gachet M, Burton-Pimentel KJ, Vidal H, Meugnier E, Vionnet N, Laville M. Polyphenol Supplementation Did Not Affect Insulin Sensitivity and Fat Deposition During One-Month Overfeeding in Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials in Men and in Women. Front Nutr. 2022 May 9;9:854255. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.854255. eCollection 2022. |
| D004187 |
| Disaccharides |
| D009844 | Oligosaccharides |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D000073893 | Sugars |