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The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of various oral hygiene procedures on reduction of oral malodor.
Thirty volunteers who matched with including criteria were divided randomly into two groups. Both groups were instructed to brush their teeth with a scrubbing method for the first one week. Then, each group received the different additional oral malodor reduction regimen- in addition to tooth brushing tongue cleaning in one group and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) mouthwash in another group for three consecutive weeks. After that, all the participants were instructed to practice all the three oral hygiene procedures (tooth brushing, mouth washing, tongue cleaning) the last one week. Total volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) measured by breathtron, tongue coating, plaque score and bleeding on probing (BOP) were outcomes of this study.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group 1: drug | Experimental | Drug: group 1: drug: chlorine dioxide 12ml chlorine dioxide (ClO2) mouthwash two times per day, for three consecutive weeks |
|
| group 2: device: | Experimental | group 2: device: small tooth brush for tongue cleaning small tooth brush for tongue cleaning |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| group 1: drug: chlorine dioxide | Drug | First, each group practiced tooth brushing only for one week. After that each group was requested to do the following procedures. group 1 - additional use of 12ml chlorine dioxide (ClO2) mouthwash two times per day, for three consecutive weeks besides tooth brushing. At last, each group practiced all three methods of tooth brushing, tongue cleaning, mouth washing. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) | Total volatile sulfur compounds was measured by Breathron® | 5 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Bleeding on probing | gingival bleeding was recorded of bleeding was detected after examination with periodontal probe. | 5 weeks |
| Tongue coating | tongue coating was evaluated by Winkel tongue coating index. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| EiEi Aung, student | Department of oral health promotion | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of oral health promotion | Tokyo | Tokyo | 113-8549 | Japan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25622725 | Derived | Aung EE, Ueno M, Zaitsu T, Furukawa S, Kawaguchi Y. Effectiveness of three oral hygiene regimens on oral malodor reduction: a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2015 Jan 27;16:31. doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-0549-9. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006209 | Halitosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| group 2: device: small tooth brush for tongue cleaning | Device | First, each group practiced tooth brushing only for one week. After that each group was requested to do the following procedures. group 2 - additional practice of tongue cleaning by a small tooth brush two times per day, for three consecutive weeks besides tooth brushing. At last, each group practiced all three methods of tooth brushing, tongue cleaning, mouth washing. |
|
| 5weeks |
| Debris index | debris index was evaluated by oral hygiene index. | 5 weeks |