The objective of the study was to assess the aesthetic outcome of different abutments materials and shapes on dental implants .

A set of parameters, including assessments of the mucosa and periodontal tissue , soft tissue , radiographic evaluations and clinical photographs, was used to obtain a measure of the aesthetic of implant-prosthesis rehabilitations.

Inclusion Criteria:

• aged over 18 years
• dental implant rehabilitation requested
• at least 1 tooth missing in areas between 1.5-3.5 and 3.5-4.5
• sufficient bone volume for implant placement ( length 10-15mm; diameter 2.5-4mm, bone quality between class I and III of Lekholm and Zarb).
• informed consensus acceptance

Exclusion Criteria:

• systemic pathologies that represent controindication to implantology
• smoking (more than 10 cigarettes per day)
• severe bruxism
• untreated periodontitis