Assessment of Blood Pressure Control and Target Organ Damage in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Hypertension -II

Observational Study of Blood Pressure Control Pattern and the Impact on the Target Organ Damages

The purpose of this study is to find the change of blood pressure (BP) control pattern (true controlled, white-coat, masked, and sustained uncontrolled/ dipper, non-dipper, reverse-dipper, and extreme-dipper) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) over 3 years. And Other objective is the relationship between the BP control pattern and the target organ damages such as renal function, proteinuria, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and so on. In addition, we will find clinical factors related to the BP control pattern.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. with informed consent
2. 20 <= age < 75 years
3. diagnosed as hypertension 6 months (or 3 visits) prior to enrollment, taking anti-hypertensive drugs over 3 months
4. all-cause chronic kidney disease patients with 15 <= estimated GFR < 90
5. no change of anti-hypertensive drugs within 2 weeks and good compliance

Exclusion Criteria:

1. changed prescription according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) regularly
2. had acute kidney injury/hospitalization
3. had a proteinuria of > 6 g/day (spot urine protein to creatinine ratio > 6.0 g/g Cr)
4. had end stage renal disease (ESRD) with dialysis and/or were a kidney recipient
5. had diseases, such as uncontrolled arrhythmia, uncontrolled bronchial asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or primary endocrinologic diseases except diabetes mellitus
6. were pregnant/lactating women
7. were night shift workers.