Expression and the Clinical Significance of Neutrophil PD-L1 During Sepsis

Immunosuppression is the leading cause of death in septic patients. Neutrophils are classical components of innate immunology, but recent studies showed that neutrophils might display antigen presenting function and inhibit lymphocyte proliferation by expressing programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1). Whether neutrophils express PD-L1 and its role in immunosuppression during sepsis remain unclear.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients with severe sepsis
• patients with sepsis after PCNL for infectious kidney stone
• patients with pancreatic cancer
• healthy volunteers

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients with immunodeficient diseases
• patients who accept glucocorticoid or immunosuppressant
• patients with an age older than 18 years
• patients providing the informed consent