The aim of the present work is to study the protein expressions profiles of neutropenic patients (with a high risk of invasive mycosis) who developed - versus who did not develop invasive mycosis (principally aspergillosis and candidosis) in order to identify biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and /or prediction of invasive mycosis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• - Patients with malignant haemopathy who received chemotherapy likely to lead to severe neutropenia (PN<500/mm3) for a foreseeable period of 10 days.
• Patients aged 14 years or older (no upper age limit)
• Patients with malignant haemopathy who received an autologous marrow graft.
• Patients with severe idiopathic medullar aplasia (PN<500/mm3) who need to be hospitalised for at least 10 days consecutively (with or without immunosuppressant treatment).
• Patients who have provided written informed consent to participate in this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who received an allograft of marrow or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (given that these patients carry a risk of aspergillosis, which in most cases appears after medullar recovery, they will not be included in the study).
• Patients who received an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (given that the duration of the neutropenia is often less than 10 days).
• Patients who do not meet the inclusion criteria
• Persons not covered by the national Health Insurance Agency