The Efficacy of Periarticular Single Drug Compared With Multimodal Drug Injection in Controlling Pain After TKA

A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Periarticular Single Anesthetic Drug Compared With Multimodal Drug Injection in Controlling Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this study is to determine the periarticular multimodal drug injection has more efficacy for controlling pain after TKA than single anaesthetic drug injection.

Many studies have to determine the efficacy of periarticular multimodal drug injection or single local anaesthetic drug comparing with placebo for pain controlled in TKA. But in this study would like to determine which one of both drugs are more efficacy.

In multimodal drug injection consist of levobupivacaine, morphine, ketorolac and epinephrine while single anaesthetic drug has levobupivacaine and epinephrine.

Inclusion Criteria:

• primary osteoarthritis of the knee who undergoing unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty
• age 50-85 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

• unable to perform spinal anaesthesia
• history of drug allergies; local anaesthesia, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, morphine, epinephrine
• cognitive function impairment
• renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min)
• liver impairment, gastrointestinal bleeding