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The purpose of this study is to determine whether high ligation of spermatic vein by open operation and microsurgery for patients with are effective in the treatment of varicocele and to determine which surgical option is better.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| open operation | Experimental | high ligation of spermatic vein by open operation |
|
| microsurgery | Experimental | high ligation of spermatic vein by microsurgery |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| open operation | Procedure | high ligation of spermatic vein by open operation |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| the quality of semen and the level of sexual hormone | The semen analyses and were sexual hormones determinations conducted before and three and six months after surgery.Then the quality of semen and the level of sexual hormone before and after surgery were compared. | before and three and six months after surgery |
| complications | the complications such as recurrence, hydrocele,orchiatrophy and wound infection were assessed one, three and six months postoperation. Color doppler ultrasonography and physical examination are the main methods to assess the complications | one, three and six months postoperation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| If there was pain, visual analogue scale,Numerical rating scale and verbal rating scale would be used to evaluate pain intensity. pain intensity | If there was pain, visual analogue scale,Numerical rating scale and verbal rating scale would be used to evaluate pain intensity. | before and one,three and six months after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| general information | Before surgery, all patients were diagnosed by physical examination and testified by color Doppler ultrasound. And we documented the patients' age, left unilateral or bilateral and the grade of varicocele | before surgery |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Xiang Zhou Sun, MD，PhD | First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Affiliated hospital，Sun Yat-Sen University. | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510080 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014646 | Varicocele |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005832 | Genital Diseases, Male |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008866 | Microsurgery |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D008846 | Micromanipulation |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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| microsurgery |
| Procedure |
high ligation of spermatic vein by microsurgery |
|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |