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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Bergen | OTHER |
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Obesity has become a global epidemic, and treating and preventing obesity appears to be one of the world's greatest challenges. The disorder is associated with a wide range of metabolic and hormonal changes, including the development of insulin resistance, changes in adipose tissue function, increased levels of blood lipids, cardiovascular disease and obesity induced fatty liver. Obesity is characterized by inflammation in adipose tissue, altered fat storage capacity and increased exchange of lipids between adipose tissue and blood, and increased secretion of cytokines from adipose tissue. Cytokines are believed to play a central role in the regulation of adipose tissue, the size of adipocytes and other metabolic conditions.
The hepatic synthesis of lipoproteins and interaction with adipose tissue is essential for the body's energy storages. The central role of the liver in energy supply, fat storage and normalization of blood values implies the importance of investigating the interaction between adipose tissue and liver to increase knowledge about the morbidity of obesity. Central obesity and insulin resistance are clear risk factors for the development of fatty liver, but the importance of diet is unclear. The common perception is that fatty liver condition can be improved by a reduction in dietary fat and cholesterols, but the relationship is unclear, and contradictory findings occur in epidemiological studies. It is therefore necessary to better understand the impact of the different macro-nutrients.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether two weight reducing diets with equal calorie levels that contain high or low fat differentially affects the adipose tissue function, distribution of body fat, as well as tissue, blood and urine levels of inflammatory markers, lipids, vitamins, hormones and other substances that may be related to metabolically health.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High fat low carbohydrate diet | Experimental | High fat low carbohydrate diet |
|
| Low fat high carbohydrate diet | Experimental | Low fat high carbohydrate diet |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High fat low carbohydrate diet | Dietary Supplement | 70E% fat, 20E% protein, 10E% carbohydrates |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in adipose tissue | CT, body composition, molecular analyses of adipose tissue | Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in metabolic parameters | Molecular and biochemical analyses of tissue, blood and urine | Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| Changes in inflammatory parameters | Molecular and biochemical analyses of tissue, blood and urine |
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Exclusion Criteria.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gunnar Mellgren, MD PhD | Haukeland University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haukeland University Hospital | Bergen | 5021 | Norway |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27903520 | Result | Veum VL, Laupsa-Borge J, Eng O, Rostrup E, Larsen TH, Nordrehaug JE, Nygard OK, Sagen JV, Gudbrandsen OA, Dankel SN, Mellgren G. Visceral adiposity and metabolic syndrome after very high-fat and low-fat isocaloric diets: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Jan;105(1):85-99. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.123463. Epub 2016 Nov 30. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D005234 | Fatty Liver |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| Low fat high carbohydrate diet | Dietary Supplement | 20E% fat, 20E% protein, 60E% carbohydrates |
|
| Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| Changes in endocrine parameters | Molecular and biochemical analyses of tissue, blood and urine | Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| Changes in metabolic health | Clinical and biochemical data | Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| Changes in adipose tissue distribution | Evaluation of adipose tissue distribution by CT | Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| Changes in steatosis | Evaluation by CT | Baseline and 3 months and 6 months |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |