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There is some evidence that dietary supplementation with fish oil has health benefits, especially in respect of some of the known risk factors for cardiovascular (heart) disease such as cardiac arrhythmia. However, supplies of fish oil are limited, and it is desirable to validate alternative sustainable sources of the important omega-3 fatty acid components. It has been suggested that oil from krill, which are small marine crustaceans, may be as effective or possibly more beneficial than fish oil, and may provide a more effective and beneficial supplement. Dietary management of cardiovascular health parameters (such as blood lipids)is becoming more and more important as the rising trends in obesity nationally and worldwide are leading to escalating incidence of diabetes and heart disease. The investigators propose to use some specific novel lipid measurements of cardiovascular risk to test this possibility in a group of men who, although generally healthy, show some risk factors in terms of their weight and metabolic profile.This pilot study will provide preliminary data to show whether krill oil has similar or different effects from fish oil on the cardiovascular health of overweight but otherwise healthy men, and in particular will provide detailed information on alterations in novel lipid markers of cardiovascular disease, which may be a better diagnostic tool than classical lipid measurements (e.g. serum cholesterol). The investigators have been developing and validating new techniques to measure emerging lipid markers of cardiovascular risk accurately and will continue to develop and investigate these techniques during the course of this project. The investigators hypothesise that krill oil will be more efficacious in reducing markers of risk relating to cardiovascular disease.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Krill oil | Active Comparator | Krill oil will be compared to fish oil as an active comparator |
|
| Fish oil | Active Comparator | Fish oil 500 mg of DHA/EPA |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Krill oil | Dietary Supplement | Krill oil 300 mg DHA/EPA daily for 6 weeks |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Plasma Triglycerides at 3 weeks | Change in plasma triglycerides from baseline to midpoint | Change from baseline at 3 weeks |
| Change in plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol at 3 weeks | Change in plasma High density lipoprotein cholesterol from baseline to midpoint | Change from baseline at 3 weeks |
| Change in plasma glucose at 3 weeks | Change in plasma glucose from baseline to midpoint | Change from baseline at 3 weeks |
| Change in waist circumference | Change in waist circumference from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in systolic blood pressure | Change in systolic blood pressure from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in Diastolic blood pressure | Change in diastolic blood pressure from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in plasma triglycerides at 6 weeks | Change in plasma triglycerides at baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in plasma glucose at 6 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Body mass | Change in body mass measured at baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in plasma total cholesterol | Change in plasma cholesterol from baseline to midpoint |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Plus any two of the below:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ian G Davies, PhD | Liverpool John Moores University | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D024821 | Metabolic Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005395 | Fish Oils |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009821 | Oils |
| D008055 | Lipids |
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| Fish oil |
| Dietary Supplement |
Fish oil 500 mg DHA/EPA daily for 6 weeks |
|
Change in plasma glucose from baseline to endpoint
| Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change from baseline high density lipoprotein cholesterol at 6 weeks | Change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change from baseline at 3 weeks |
| Change in body mass index | Change in body mass index at baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in plasma cholesterol at 6 weeks | Change in plasma cholesterol from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in plasma insulin at 3 weeks | Change in plasma insulin from baseline to midpoint | Change from baseline at 3 weeks |
| Change in plasma insulin at 6 weeks | Change in plasma insulin from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in small, dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol at 6 weeks | Change in small, dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| Change in plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol at 3 weeks | Change in plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol from baseline to midpoint | Change from baseline at 3 weeks |
| Change in plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol at 6 weeks | Change in plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol from baseline to endpoint | Change from baseline at 6 weeks |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |