Bioefficiency of of Conventional Fish and Vitamin D Fortified Fish

Bioefficiency of of Conventional Fish and Vitamin D Fortified Fish in Healthy Volunteers

The aim of this study is to investigate the bioavailability of conventional and vitamin D fortified fish as measured by the increase of the specific hydroxy form by 25(OH)D3.

Study design: Human volunteers will receive conventional fish or vitamin D fortified fish for a period of 4 weeks. At baseline and after 4 weeks, 25(OH)D3 will be measured in serum as the main outcome variables. Additional outcome variables are the Ca concentration in serum, PTH concentration in serum.

Groups/Cohorts Assigned Interventions

1. Placebo group receiving conventional fish
2. intervention group receiving vitamin D fortified fish

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18 years
• healthy

Exclusion Criteria:

• supplementation of vitamin d and calcium
• hypercalcemia
• hypercalciuria
• chronical illness (diabetes, kidney diseases, cardiovascular diseases)
• serum-creatinine above 115 mmol/l
• pregnancy or breastfeeding women