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This prospective randomized study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous lidocaine injection on the relief of pain in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.
A total 56 patients will be randomized into one of two groups(group C or group I) based on Excel number generation.
Patients in group C will receive normal saline intravenous injection, and patients in group I will receive an intravenous bolus injection of 1.5mg/kg lidocaine followed by a continuous lidocaine infusion of 2mg/kg/hr.
Visual analogue scale pain scores, fentanyl consumption, the frequency at which patients pushed the button(FPB) of a patient-controlled analgesia system, and presence or absence of nausea and vomiting will be recorded at 2,4,8,12,24,48 hours postoperatively.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intravenous lidocaine injection group | Active Comparator | Patients in Group I (intravenous lidocaine injection group) received an intravenous bolus injection of 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine followed by a continuous lidocaine infusion of 2 mg/kg/hr. |
|
| Placebo control group | Placebo Comparator | Patients in Group C (placebo control group) received normal saline intravenous injection |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intravenous lidocaine injection | Drug | Patients in Group I (intravenous lidocaine injection group) received an intravenous bolus injection of 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine followed by a continuous lidocaine infusion of 2 mg/kg/hr. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain measured using Visual analogue scale at postoperative 2hour | Patients will be assessed for pain using a visual analogue pain scale(VAS). It is usually a horizontal line, 100mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end; left side end which represents 0 is 'No pain', right side end with 100 is 'Very severe pain'. The patient marks ont the line the that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks. To check the severity of pain VAS will be measured at post op 2hour. | post op 2hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| visual analogue scale 4hour | Patients will be assessed for pain using a visual analogue pain scale(VAS). It is usually a horizontal line, 100mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end; left side end which represents 0 is 'No pain', right side end with 100 is 'Very severe pain'. The patient marks ont the line the that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks. To check the severity of pain VAS will be measured at post op 4hour. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyun Kang, Ph.D | Contact | 82-2-6299-2571 | roman00@naver.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hyun Kang, Ph.D | Chung-Ang University Hospital | Study Chair |
| Eun Jin Ahn | Chung-Ang University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ChungAng University | Recruiting | Seoul | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27379388 | Derived | Choi GJ, Kang H, Ahn EJ, Oh JI, Baek CW, Jung YH, Kim JY. Clinical Efficacy of Intravenous Lidocaine for Thyroidectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. World J Surg. 2016 Dec;40(12):2941-2947. doi: 10.1007/s00268-016-3619-6. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008012 | Lidocaine |
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000083 | Acetanilides |
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 |
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|
| Intravenous normal saline injection | Drug | The patients in Group C (placebo control group) received normal saline intravenous injection |
|
|
| post op 4 hour |
| visual analogue scale 8 hour | Patients will be assessed for pain using a visual analogue pain scale(VAS). It is usually a horizontal line, 100mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end; left side end which represents 0 is 'No pain', right side end with 100 is 'Very severe pain'. The patient marks ont the line the that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks. To check the severity of pain VAS will be measured at post op 8hour. | Post op 8 hour |
| Visual analogue scale 12hour | Patients will be assessed for pain using a visual analogue pain scale(VAS). It is usually a horizontal line, 100mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end; left side end which represents 0 is 'No pain', right side end with 100 is 'Very severe pain'. The patient marks ont the line the that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks. To check the severity of pain VAS will be measured at post op 12hour. | Post op 12 hour |
| visual analogue scale 24hour | Patients will be assessed for pain using a visual analogue pain scale(VAS). It is usually a horizontal line, 100mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end; left side end which represents 0 is 'No pain', right side end with 100 is 'Very severe pain'. The patient marks ont the line the that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks. To check the severity of pain VAS will be measured at post op 24hour. | Post op 24 hour |
| visual analogue scale 48 hour | Patients will be assessed for pain using a visual analogue pain scale(VAS). It is usually a horizontal line, 100mm in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end; left side end which represents 0 is 'No pain', right side end with 100 is 'Very severe pain'. The patient marks ont the line the that they feel represents their perception of their current state. The VAS score is determined by measuring in millimeters from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks. To check the severity of pain VAS will be measured at post op 48hour. | Post op 48hour |
| Opioid consumption 2hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occured. In the case of persistent pain greater than a visual analogue scale(VAS) pain score of 30mm, and additional 50㎍ of fentanyl will be injected intra-venously by nursing staff until the pain was relieved to a level less than a VAS pain score of 30mm. And sum of delivery from PCA system and and additional opioid fom immediately after operation to post op 2hour will be measured. | post op 2hour |
| Opioid consumption 4 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occured. In the case of persistent pain greater than a visual analogue scale(VAS) pain score of 30mm, and additional 50㎍ of fentanyl will be injected intra-venously by nursing staff until the pain was relieved to a level less than a VAS pain score of 30mm. And sum of delivery from PCA system and and additional opioid fom immediately after operation to post op 4hour will be measured | Post op 4 hour |
| Opioid consumption 8hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occured. In the case of persistent pain greater than a visual analogue scale(VAS) pain score of 30mm, and additional 50㎍ of fentanyl will be injected intra-venously by nursing staff until the pain was relieved to a level less than a VAS pain score of 30mm. And sum of delivery from PCA system and and additional opioid fom immediately after operation to post op 8hour will be measured | Post op 8 hour |
| Opioid consumption 12 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occured. In the case of persistent pain greater than a visual analogue scale(VAS) pain score of 30mm, and additional 50㎍ of fentanyl will be injected intra-venously by nursing staff until the pain was relieved to a level less than a VAS pain score of 30mm. And sum of delivery from PCA system and and additional opioid fom immediately after operation to post op 12hour will be measured | Post op 12 hour |
| Opioid consumption 24 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occured. In the case of persistent pain greater than a visual analogue scale(VAS) pain score of 30mm, and additional 50㎍ of fentanyl will be injected intra-venously by nursing staff until the pain was relieved to a level less than a VAS pain score of 30mm. And sum of delivery from PCA system and and additional opioid fom immediately after operation to post op 24hour will be measured | Post op 24 hour |
| Opioid consumption 48 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occured. In the case of persistent pain greater than a visual analogue scale(VAS) pain score of 30mm, and additional 50㎍ of fentanyl will be injected intra-venously by nursing staff until the pain was relieved to a level less than a VAS pain score of 30mm. And sum of delivery from PCA system and and additional opioid fom immediately after operation to post op 48hour will be measured | Post op 48 hour |
| FPB 2hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occurred. And total frequency of patient to push the button of the PCA machine (FPB) fom immediately after operation to post op 2 hour will be measured. | Post op 2 hour |
| FPB 4hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occurred. And total frequency of patient to push the button of the PCA machine (FPB) fom immediately after operation to post op 4 hour will be measured. | Post op 4 hour |
| FPB 8 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occurred. And total frequency of patient to push the button of the PCA machine (FPB) fom immediately after operation to post op 8 hour will be measured. | Post op 8 hour |
| FPB 12 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occurred. And total frequency of patient to push the button of the PCA machine (FPB) fom immediately after operation to post op 12 hour will be measured. | Post op 12 hour |
| FPB 24hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occurred. And total frequency of patient to push the button of the PCA machine (FPB) fom immediately after operation to post op 24 hour will be measured. | Post op 24hour |
| FPB 48 hour | The patients will be taught to push the button of the PCA system, which delivered a bolus of drug, each time pain occurred. And total frequency of patient to push the button of the PCA machine (FPB) fom immediately after operation to post op 48 hour will be measured. | Post op 48 hour |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D002712 | Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |