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Chronic kidney disease is a severe medical problem in Taiwan public health issue, which the highest incidence and prevalence rate in the world.Proton pump inhibitors may increase the risk of pneumonia appearance, which were caused by profound irreversible gastric acid suppression. The study purpose was to characterize difference of developing pneumonia in chronic kidney disease of prior use proton pump inhibitors.
The study used data from Taiwan Health Insurance Research Database; the investigators conducted a population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Case consisted of all patients who had a first diagnosis of chronic kidney disease for the period between 1997 and 2008. The investigators utilized the use of Proton pump inhibitor from chronic kidney disease patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| with PPI | CKD with PPI use, follow up at least 5 years began PPI use | ||
| with or without Pneumonia outcome | Patients were eligible for inclusion if they received any PPIs treatment between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2002 and had been diagnosed with pneumonia between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2008 in an inpatient setting. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic kidney disease ICD-9 | 2012-Dec |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Investiators use the longitudinal health insurance database 2008 (LHID 2008) released by the Taiwan National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) in 2009. Taiwan implemented its National Health Insurance (NHI) program in 1995 to provide affordable health care for all the island's residents.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chen Chih-Hung, MD | west-garden Hospital | Study Director |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21365243 | Result | Sheen E, Triadafilopoulos G. Adverse effects of long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Apr;56(4):931-50. doi: 10.1007/s10620-010-1560-3. Epub 2011 Mar 2. | |
| 21273036 | Result | Wu H, Jing Q, Wang J, Guo X. Pantoprazole for the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients with acute coronary syndromes. J Crit Care. 2011 Aug;26(4):434.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2010.12.007. Epub 2011 Jan 26. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051436 | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
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| 21199906 | Result | Madanick RD. Proton pump inhibitor side effects and drug interactions: much ado about nothing? Cleve Clin J Med. 2011 Jan;78(1):39-49. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.77a.10087. |
| D005261 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |