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The investigators hypothesized that self-selected music played during electrodiagnosis is effective in relieving the discomfort caused by the procedures.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| music | Experimental | Investigators played self-selected background music in the music group |
|
| no music (control) | No Intervention | Investigators played no music in the music group |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| self-selected music | Other | Investigators played self-selected background music in the music group |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain (Visual Analogue Scale) | baseline and after needle electromyography, to measure the "change" of pain |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety, assessed by Linear Analogue Anxiety Scale (LAAS) | baseline and after electromyography |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Investigators recruited volunteer patient participants from patients referred to the electrodiagnosis laboratory of Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a medical center using convenient sampling.
The inclusion criterion is:
Exclusion Criteria:
The exclusion criteria are:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Yu-Cheng Pei, MD PhD | Attending Physician | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang Gung Memorial Hospital | Taoyuan County | 333 | Taiwan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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