Screening for Sleep Hypoxemia in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Study Searching for Hypoxemic Sleep Breathing Disorders in a Cohort of Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (IPAH) and Chronic Post-embolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CPEPH)

In the investigators study, and regarding results of small cohorts in the literature, the investigators hypothesize that hypoxemia is frequent in IPAH and CPEPH. The investigators will explore these patients with a one night polysomnography and transcutaneous capnography, searching for hypoxemia and hypercapnia and by determining its physiopathologic mechanisms.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare and severe disease of young adults, characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistances leading to cardiac failure and death. Patients with PH are categorized in two major groups: primary PH (PPH) wich is idiopathic, and secondary PH associated with many conditions such as chronic pulmonary embolic diseases (CPED).Increase in vascular resistance in PH is secondary to vasoconstriction and to a proliferative remodeling process of the arterial wall leading to obliteration of the small arterioles. On the other hand, hypoxemia is known to cause similar changes in vascular architecture. Also, some small cohorts study in the literature mentioned an increase of sleep hypoxemia prevalence accounting for almost 70% of cases. The mechanisms of this hypoxemia are completely unknown.Our study is observational, prospective and transversal, searching for hypoxemic respiratory sleep disorders (HRSD) in PPH and in CPEPH. Included patients will have one night polysomnography (CIDELEC) with a continuous measurement of transcutaneous PCO2.The major objectives are to determine the prevalence of HRSD, their physiopathologic mechanisms and their possible causal factors according to PH history, clinical findings and hemodynamic severity.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient aged 18 to 75 years
• Patient with IPAH ot CPEPH stable for at least 3 months. Stability is defined by the New York Heart Association classes for dyspnea and the six minutes walking test (6MWT). Furthermore, no changes in medical therapy had occured during the last three months.
• Patients who signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with secondary PH associated with other pathologies outside CPEPH ( sclerodermia, systemic lupus erythematous, portal hypertension, chronic HIV infection...)
• Patients who had a functional and/or a hemodynamic degradation during the last 3 months or a change in pulmonary hypertension treatment
• Patients with obstructive or restrictive ventilatory disorder with a Ventricular Ejection Fraction <60% predicted
• Women without effective contraception
• Patients with a Body Mass Index above 35 kg/m2
• Patient not affiliated to a social security scheme