Dual-energy CT in Detecting Bone Marrow Edema of Vertebral Compression Fractures

Use of Dual-energy CT in Detecting Bone Marrow Edema of Vertebral Compression Fractures

The purpose of this study is to

1. Assess bone marrow edema within the VCF by use of a DE CT virtual noncalcium image compared with MR imaging as standard reference.
2. Evaluate parameters related to the BME of the collapsed vertebral body on DE CT virtual noncalcium images, such as the morphologic signs, visual qualitative detection, and quantitative values.

Patients with multiple compression fractures and in those with chronic fracture, determining which vertebra to treat is frequently difficult. In such patients, the treatment location is commonly determined from findings at imaging, which includes magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, bone scintigraphy, and computed tomography (CT).

The bone marrow edema (BME) in acute/subacute VCFs is useful in determining the vertebra that is to be treated.

MR imaging provides information on anatomic vertebral collapse and the loss of normal T1 high signal intensity from the marrow space of vertebrae with acute fractures. Loss of normal T1 high signal intensity indicates the presence of BME, which is the important sign for the PVP treatment of VCFs.

Dual-energy (DE) CT has been used to create a virtual unenhanced scan by subtracting iodine from contrast agent-enhanced CT examinations.We expect that the same technique can be used to calculate a virtual noncalcium image from an unenhanced image, which makes bone marrow accessible for CT diagnosis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Compression fractures (thoracic and lumbar vertebrae)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age less than 18 years
• Pregnancy
• Any contraindications to MR imaging.