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Part of the problems related with proper use of epinephrine autoinjector may be related with the design of the autoinjector itself.The aim of the study is to investigate whether minor modifications in the design of currently available epinephrine autoinjector ease its use and abrogate common use errors.
All interns except the ones who previously worked in allergy department in a medical school were invited to the study. Two identical epinephrine autoinjector trainers (Epipen trainerĀ®) were used, one of which was modified by changing gray safety cap to red and placing a yellow arrow pointing to the black injection tip. Written and visual instruction sheet for each trainer was provided. Participants were asked to demonstrate the use of Epipen trainer either with the original or the modified one. They were scored and timed for demonstration. Primary study parameter was the rate of participants correctly demonstrating the use of epinephrine autoinjector. Secondary study parameters were the mean total score, mean time required to administer autoinjector and unintentional self injection of autoinjector into thumb.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Original epinephrine autoinjector group | Other | Participants were given original epinephrine autoinjector trainer wrapped by a gray sticky paper. |
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| Modified epinephrine autoinjector group | Active Comparator | Participants were given the same epinephrine autoinjector trainer wrapped by a gray sticky paper which was modified by changing gray safety cap to red with an atomizer paint and placing a yellow arrow pointing to the black injection tip. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epinephrine autoinjector | Device | We used 2 epinephrine autoinjector trainers and wrapped them by a gray sticky paper. Then,modified one of the trainers by changing gray safety cap to red with an atomizer paint and placing a yellow arrow pointing to the black injection tip.We provided three-step written and visual instruction sheet to use epinephrine autoinjector in Turkish same as given on the original trainer and changed that of the second trainer according to the modifications we made. Scoring system originally devised by Sicherer et al was used. Participants successively doing all steps were accepted to demonstrate autoinjector use correctly. Participants who tackled with black tip of autoinjector in order to eject needle after removing safety cap was regarded as unsuccessful since this may cause unintentional injection of epinephrine. All participants were scored and timed separately. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rate of participants correctly demonstrating the use of epinephrine autoinjector. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mean total score participants get during demonstration of epinephrine autoinjector use | ||
| Mean time required to administer epinephrine autoinjector | ||
| Unintentional self injection of autoinjector into thumb |
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Inclusion Criteria:We invited all interns in our faculty to inform about the study and included the ones who gave informed consent -
Exclusion Criteria:Interns who previously worked in allergy department were excluded.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Arzu Bakirtas | Gazi Universitry Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma | Principal Investigator |
| Mustafa Arga | Gazi Universitry Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma | Principal Investigator |
| Ferhat Catal | Gazi Universitry Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma | Principal Investigator |
| Oksan Derinoz | Gazi Universitry Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Emergency | Principal Investigator |
| Sadik M Demirsoy | Gazi Universitry Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma | Study Director |
| Ipek Turktas | Gazi Universitry Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma | Study Director |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21749463 | Derived | Bakirtas A, Arga M, Catal F, Derinoz O, Demirsoy MS, Turktas I. Make-up of the epinephrine autoinjector: the effect on its use by untrained users. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011 Nov;22(7):729-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01195.x. Epub 2011 Jul 13. |
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | Jun 24, 2011 | |
| Reset | Jul 22, 2011 |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 24, 2011 | Jul 22, 2011 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000707 | Anaphylaxis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006969 | Hypersensitivity, Immediate |
| D006967 | Hypersensitivity |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
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