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The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in the tear film and ocular surface of patients with dry eye syndrome.
Thirty-three patients with dry eye (16 Sjögren's syndrome and 17 non-Sjögren's syndrome patients) and 15 control subjects were recruited. The concentrations of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in tears were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation between chemokine levels and tear film and ocular surface parameters was analyzed. Expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in the conjunctiva was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was performed to count CXCR3+ cells and CXCR3+CD4+ cells in the conjunctiva.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal control subjects | Normal control subjects who did not show the clinical symptom and findings of dry eye syndrome. | ||
| dry eye patients | Patients with dry eye syndrome who had symptoms of dry eye for more than 3 months, low tear film break up time (BUT, ≤7 sec), low Schirmer test (<10 mm), low tear clearance rate (<8X), and positive fluorescein or rose bengal vital staining (≥3) and were not treated with anti-inflammatory agents such as topical cyclosporine or steroids were included in the study. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Primary care clinic
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kyung-Chul Yoon, MD, PhD | Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chonnam National University Hospital | Gwangju | Chonnam | 501-757 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17525185 | Result | Yoon KC, De Paiva CS, Qi H, Chen Z, Farley WJ, Li DQ, Pflugfelder SC. Expression of Th-1 chemokines and chemokine receptors on the ocular surface of C57BL/6 mice: effects of desiccating stress. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jun;48(6):2561-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.07-0002. | |
| 15219876 | Result | Wallace GR, John Curnow S, Wloka K, Salmon M, Murray PI. The role of chemokines and their receptors in ocular disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004 Jul;23(4):435-48. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2004.04.004. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015352 | Dry Eye Syndromes |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007766 | Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases |
| D005128 | Eye Diseases |
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tears, conjunctiva
| 10487957 | Result | Pflugfelder SC, Jones D, Ji Z, Afonso A, Monroy D. Altered cytokine balance in the tear fluid and conjunctiva of patients with Sjogren's syndrome keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Curr Eye Res. 1999 Sep;19(3):201-11. doi: 10.1076/ceyr.19.3.201.5309. |
| 19850844 | Derived | Yoon KC, Park CS, You IC, Choi HJ, Lee KH, Im SK, Park HY, Pflugfelder SC. Expression of CXCL9, -10, -11, and CXCR3 in the tear film and ocular surface of patients with dry eye syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Feb;51(2):643-50. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-3425. Epub 2009 Oct 22. |