Primary objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the cyclosporin A administration to induce a cardioprotection during the valvular surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or females, scheduled for an aortic valvular surgery;
• 18 years of age or older.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Combined valvular and coronary surgery;
• Significant coronary artery stenosis (upper than 70%);
• Left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 40%);
• Emergency surgery and/or infectious endocarditis;
• Known cyclosporin hypersensitivity;
• History of known recent immunosuppression (< 6 months): cancer, lymphoma, positive serology for HIV, hepatitis;
• Renal insufficiency (creatininaemia > 150 µmol/l);
• Hepatic insufficiency (prothrombin time < 50%);
• Uncontrolled arterial hypertension defined by a systolic arterial pressure > 180 mm Hg;
• Women of child bearing potential, who are pregnant or not under efficient contraception;
• Patients treated with nicorandil, sulfonylurea or rosuvastatine;
• Patients under judicial control.