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The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not energy and macronutrient intake changes when comparing habitually active and habitually sedentary college-aged males in two different sessions of one resting and one exercise.
Obesity is a consequence of positive energy balance, in which more energy is consumed than expended. It is hypothesized that regular amounts of physical activity may be important in helping individuals more accurately regulate energy balance. More research is needed to understand the impact of a physically active lifestyle on energy regulation capabilities Therefore, this study looks at sedentary college aged males compared to active college aged males when looking at two different sessions of energy expenditure, one exercise session and one resting session, and their energy and macronutrient intake after these sessions. The sessions will take place in the morning where each participant will exercise or rest and then be allowed to eat from a buffet ad libitum, where acute energy and macronutrient intake will be assessed.
The following hypotheses are proposed:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active males | Active Comparator | Males who participate in at least 30 minutes of physical activity on 5 or more days per week for the last month. |
|
| Inactive males | Active Comparator | Males who participate in less than 1 hour of physical activity per week for the last month. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise Session | Other | This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The "Exercise Session" will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing 45 min bout of exercise on an exercise bike, followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Intake at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
| Energy Intake at the Meal (Rest Session) | Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
| Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
| Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Rest Session) | carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
| Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hollie Raynor, PhD, RD | University of Tennessee, Knoxville | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy Eating and Activity Laboratory, University of Tennessee | Knoxville | Tennessee | 37920 | United States |
Participants were randomly assigned to which session, exercise or rest, they engaged in first. As this is a crossover design, participants did complete both the exercise and rest conditions.
20 male students attending the University of Tennessee were recruited to participate through ads and flyers posted around campus. The recruitment period started in November 2008 and ended in August 2009 upon completion of the study. The initial phone screen conducted to determine eligibility occurred in the HEAL lab.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Active Lifestyle Males | Males that exercise greater than or equal to 5 days/wk at 30 min/day |
| FG001 | Inactive Lifestyle Males | males that exercise less than or equal to 1 day/week at 1 hour/day |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise Session: 45 Minutes of Activity |
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| Rest Session: 45 Minutes of Reading |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Active Lifestyle Males | Males that exercise greater than or equal to 5 days/wk at 30 min/day |
| BG001 | Inactive Lifestyle Males | males that exercise less than or equal to 1 day/week at 1 hour/day |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Count of Participants |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Energy Intake at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | kilocalories | 2 hours |
|
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Active Lifestyle Males | Males that exercise greater than or equal to 5 days/wk at 30 min/day |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emily Jokisch | Healthy Eating and Activity Laboratory- University of Tenneessee | 865-974-0754 | ejokisch@utk.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D057185 | Sedentary Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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|
| Rest Session | Other | This study consists of two laboratory sessions. Participants will be randomly assigned to the order in which they go through these two sessions. The "Rest Session" will consist of the participant coming into the lab and completing a 45 min period of reading followed by a 60 min resting period, followed by the lunch buffet portion of the session where they will have 25 min to eat ad libitum. |
|
| 2 hours |
| Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Rest Session) | Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
| Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
| Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Rest Session) | Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | 2 hours |
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| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Participants |
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| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
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| Primary | Energy Intake at the Meal (Rest Session) | Energy intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | kilocalories | 2 hours |
|
|
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| Primary | Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Jul 2010 | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of kilocalorie intake | 2 hours |
|
|
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| Primary | Percent Energy From Carbohydrate at the Meal (Rest Session) | carbohydrate intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Jul 2010 | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of kilocalorie intake | 2 hours |
|
|
|
| Primary | Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Jul 2010 | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of kilocalorie intake | 2 hours |
|
|
|
| Primary | Percent Energy From Protein at the Meal (Rest Session) | Protein intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Jul 2010 | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of kilocalorie intake | 2 hours |
|
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| Primary | Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Exercise Session) | Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Jul 2010 | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of kilocalorie intake | 2 hours |
|
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| Primary | Percent Energy From Fat at the Meal (Rest Session) | Fat intake was measured by weighing each item served in the ad libitum buffet meal before and after the subject's meal and subtracting the difference to determine gram weight of each item consumed. Food labels and the NDS-R software were used to determine dietary intake based upon gram weight of each food consumed. | Posted | Jul 2010 | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of kilocalorie intake | 2 hours |
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|
| 0 |
| 10 |
| 0 |
| 10 |
| EG001 | Inactive Lifestyle Males | males that exercise less than or equal to 1 day/week at 1 hour/day | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
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