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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Canola Council of Canada | OTHER |
| Flax Canada 2015 Inc. | INDUSTRY |
| Agri-Food Research and Development Initiative | UNKNOWN |
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The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of high-oleic canola oil and a high-oleic canola/flaxseed oil blend as compared to a typical Western diet on plasma lipids, fatty acid profiles, and risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in hypercholesterolemic patients. Furthermore, the metabolism of dietary oleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid contained in high-oleic canola oil and flaxseed oil will be investigated.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High-Oleic Canola Oil | Experimental |
| |
| High-Oleic Canola/Flaxseed Oil Blend | Experimental |
| |
| Western Diet | Active Comparator |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-Oleic Canola Oil | Dietary Supplement | Diets contained 35% energy as fat; of which 70% was provided by high-oleic canola oil (high in monounsaturated fat (oleic acid)) |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Serum Lipids | Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase | |
| Inflammatory Biomarkers: C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6, sE-Selectin, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 | Study Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase | |
| Intima-Medial Thickness by Carotid Ultrasound | Study Baseline (during Day 1-3) and Endpoint (during Day 24-26) of each experimental phase | |
| Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry | Study Baseline (during Week 1) and Endpoint (during Week 4) of each experimental phase | |
| Body Composition by Dual Emission X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) | Baseline (Day1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase | |
| Oxidation and Conversion of U-13C-Alpha Linolenic Acid | Day 27 (time 0-8 hrs), Day 28 (24 hrs), Day 29 (48 hrs) of each experimental phase | |
| Plasma Fatty Acid Concentrations | Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Arterial Stiffness Index by Pulse Wave Analysis | Baseline (Day 1,2) and Endpoint (Day 28,29) of each experimental phase |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Peter JH Jones, PhD | University of Manitoba - Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba | Winnipeg | Manitoba | R3T 6C5 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21308420 | Background | Gillingham LG, Harris-Janz S, Jones PJ. Dietary monounsaturated fatty acids are protective against metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Lipids. 2011 Mar;46(3):209-28. doi: 10.1007/s11745-010-3524-y. Epub 2011 Feb 10. | |
| 23221573 | Result | Gillingham LG, Harding SV, Rideout TC, Yurkova N, Cunnane SC, Eck PK, Jones PJ. Dietary oils and FADS1-FADS2 genetic variants modulate [13C]alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and plasma fatty acid composition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jan;97(1):195-207. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.043117. Epub 2012 Dec 5. |
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| High-Oleic Canola/Flaxseed Oil Blend | Dietary Supplement | Diets contained 35% energy as fat; of which 70% was provided by a 1:1 blend of high-oleic canola oil and flaxseed oil (high in monounsaturated fat (oleic acid) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fat (alpha-linolenic acid)) |
|
| Western Dietary Control | Dietary Supplement | Diets contained 35% energy as fat; of which 70% was provided by a blend of oils typical to the Western diet (high in saturated fat and omega-6 polyunsaturated fat (linoleic acid)) |
|
| 22698766 | Result | Gillingham LG, Robinson KS, Jones PJ. Effect of high-oleic canola and flaxseed oils on energy expenditure and body composition in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Metabolism. 2012 Nov;61(11):1598-605. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.04.016. Epub 2012 Jun 12. |
| 20875216 | Result | Gillingham LG, Gustafson JA, Han SY, Jassal DS, Jones PJ. High-oleic rapeseed (canola) and flaxseed oils modulate serum lipids and inflammatory biomarkers in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Br J Nutr. 2011 Feb;105(3):417-27. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510003697. Epub 2010 Sep 29. |
| 25262934 | Derived | Jones PJ, Lin L, Gillingham LG, Yang H, Omar JM. Modulation of plasma N-acylethanolamine levels and physiological parameters by dietary fatty acid composition in humans. J Lipid Res. 2014 Dec;55(12):2655-64. doi: 10.1194/jlr.P051235. Epub 2014 Sep 28. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D006937 | Hypercholesterolemia |
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006949 | Hyperlipidemias |
| D050171 | Dyslipidemias |
| D052439 | Lipid Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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