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This is a feasibility study involving a small number of blind subject to evaluate the effectiveness of using a software and associated hardware components to assist the blind in identifying and locating objects of interests and to assist in way finding tasks. After the system has been successfully tested by the blindfolded engineers, it will be evaluated in a small number of blind subjects.
This is primarily an engineering project to develop computer vision algorithms for an integrated system comprising of a laptop computer, webcam, gps, digital compass, microphone, and stereo earphones. The system will be voice controlled. The algorithm will be trained to identify and located objects and navigationally landmarks in real-time, previously selected by sighted developers. After the system has passed objective engineering milestones, blind subjects will be tested to determine whether the novel system will improve the ability of the blind to travel over a test course in a hospital setting.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arm 1 initial system | Experimental | 8 blind subjects are asked to use a prototype computer vision system to determine the challenges facing computer vision based indoor navigation. Subjects are asked to travel through the hallways of a large hospital from the front entrance to a side entrance. The pathway consists of 9 segments including corners, four-way intersections, and doorways, and the total length of the route was approximately 200 meters. This challenging route was designed to stress the capabilities of the navigation system. It is a route that even sighted persons may find difficult to follow without practice. Pedestrian traffic was present throughout the route and lighting conditions could change in two of the segments where there were windows and doors. |
|
| Arm 2 modified system | Experimental | The system is redesigned in response to problems identified from the first phase of the study. The redesigned system is tested by a second set of 8 blind subjects in the same indoor path as used in Arm 1. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| initial system | Device | The computer vision system is used to assist blind subject to navigate an extended path with multiple turns within a hospital setting.The initial prototype system would have been successfully tested for outdoor navigation and basic object recognition tasks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Device Failures Per Attempt to Complete a Navigation Course | device failures were defined as any failure to provide correct location and direction information at thre appropriate time, resulting in a mistake that needed the initial prototype's ability to meet their travel needs at a good to excellent range. | The subject is given as much time as needed to complete the task |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ability to Meet the Subjective Travel Needs of the Blind Subject | This is a subjective rating that incorporates user friendliness of the system and the specific needs of the subject. The subject is asked to rate whether the device meets his or her travel needs on a 1 to 7 scale with 1 being excellent and 7 being very poor. | no time limit |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Cha-Min Tang, PhD MD | Baltimore VA Medical Center VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta VA Medical and Rehab Center, Decatur | Decatur | Georgia | 30033 | United States | ||
| Baltimore VA Medical Center VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Initial Computer Vision System | a group of 8 blind subjects were tested with a prototype computer vision system build for outdoor navigation that relied on combination of GPS and location recognition for navigation information. the task was a wayfinding task starting from one point in the hospital and go to a point at another point in the hospital while navigating negotiating a number of turns over multiple corridors. |
| FG001 | Modified Computer Vision System | a second group of 8 blind subjects were tested with a modified computer vision system. same task as the initial group with improved computer vision algorithm. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
a representative population for the VA of both sexes and ranging from 21 to 70. And they have a diverse set of reasons for blindness. But they all had sight once.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Initial System | a group of 8 blind subjects were tested with a prototype computer vision system build for outdoor navigation that relied on combination of GPS and location recognition for navigation information. the task was a wayfinding task starting from one point in the hospital and go to a point at another point in the hospital while navigating negotiating a number of turns over multiple corridors. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Count of Participants |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Frequency of Device Failures Per Attempt to Complete a Navigation Course | device failures were defined as any failure to provide correct location and direction information at thre appropriate time, resulting in a mistake that needed the initial prototype's ability to meet their travel needs at a good to excellent range. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | number of device failures per attempt | The subject is given as much time as needed to complete the task |
|
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Arm 1 | the blind subject is asked to locate a randomly placed object with the assistance of the webcam/laptop computer. computer vision: a webcam-laptop based system to assist the blind in locating objects and in way finding. No adverse events |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr Cha-Min Tang | Baltimore VA MC | 410 706-2347 | ctang@som.umaryland.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001766 | Blindness |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014786 | Vision Disorders |
| D012678 | Sensation Disorders |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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|
| modified system | Device | The problems associated with the initial system were identified and modified. This modified system was tested with a second separate group of subjects. The redesigned system is used to assist blind subject to navigate the same extended path with multiple turns within a hospital setting. |
|
| Baltimore |
| Maryland |
| 21201 |
| United States |
| BG001 | Modified System | a second group of 8 blind subjects were tested with a modified computer vision system. same task as the initial group with improved computer vision algorithm. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Participants |
|
| Age, Continuous | Initial system: 8 subjects with age range from 21 to 66; Modified system: 8 subjects with age range from 39 to 70 | Mean | Full Range | years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
a second group of 8 subjects were tested with a system that incorporated modifications identified by the first group using the initial prototype system. |
|
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| Secondary | Ability to Meet the Subjective Travel Needs of the Blind Subject | This is a subjective rating that incorporates user friendliness of the system and the specific needs of the subject. The subject is asked to rate whether the device meets his or her travel needs on a 1 to 7 scale with 1 being excellent and 7 being very poor. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | units on a scale | no time limit |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 8 |
| 0 |
| 8 |
| EG001 | Arm 2 | The subject without the assist device can only locate the object by groping and random searching with hands. No adverse events | 0 | 8 | 0 | 8 |
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| D005128 |
| Eye Diseases |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |