The purpose of this observation study is to evaluate the effects of an early, 3 week lasting rehabilitation program, that starts roundabout 4 weeks after lung or combined lung transplantation, on physical activity, functional and physical condition (6-min-walk, FEV1, ADL-score) and quality of life (SF36) in lung transplant recipients with a different length of stay on the waiting list and a different duration of hospitalization in the transplantation centre after transplantation.

To which extend a prolonged duration from listing for lung transplantation until a successful transplantation or a long length of hospitalization may influence the success of a pulmonary rehabilitation, that starts after discharge from the transplantation centre, is still unknown.

Long waiting periods before transplantation and surgical, infectious or immunological complications after transplantation influence the physical condition and the quality of life of the organ recipient.

A poor physical condition before transplantation results in an unfavourable outcome in the first 12 months after transplantation.

At present it is unclear, whether a structured pulmonary rehabilitation may overwhelm differences between patients with a prolonged course roundabout the transplantation compared or not. At present it is not clear whether it is necessary for lung transplant recipients to participate in a rehabilitation program including structured exercise training.

The aim of this observational study is to assess the effect of a short-term pulmonary rehabilitation, that starts immediately after discharge from the transplantation centre on patients with a prolonged waiting period or an extended postoperative hospitalization.

• Hypothesis: a structured pulmonary rehabilitation early after transplantation may overwhelm poor physical and functional conditions after a prolonged period on the transplant waiting listor a prolonged hospitalization after transplantation resulting in a significant improvement in all transplanted patients
• Antithesis: a prolonged period on the waiting list before transplantation or a prolonged hospitalization after transplantation can not be influenced significantly by an early transplant rehabilitation resulting in a persistent lack of functional status and quality of life compared with a short waiting period or a normal duration of hospitalization after transplantation.
• Outcomes: functional status (6-min. walk, exercise capacity, FEV1, ADL), and quality of life (SF36) will be assessed at the beginning and on discharge from the rehabilitation centre.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Recipients of single or double lung transplants
• Recipients of combined (heart and lung or heart an liver) transplants

lung transplant patients performing a three week lasting rehabilitation program