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The aim of the present study is to investigate whether in patients with chronic heart failure endothelial dysfunction and baroreceptor function is altered by ingestion of a flavonoid-rich dark chocolate in comparison to placebo chocolate (Nestlé Placebo Chocolate) on top of standard medication.
Moreover, we will evaluate the effect of chocolate on oxidative stress, platelet adhesion as well as systemic inflammatory response such as C-reactive protein and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic heart failure.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Active Comparator | daily intake of 40gr chocolate (Nestlé Noir intense) in the morning and 40gr chocolate in the evening. |
|
| 2 | Placebo Comparator | Nestlé Placebo Chocolate 40gr in the morning and 40gr chocolate in the evening. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nestlé Noir intense 40 grx2 | Dietary Supplement | daily intake of 40gr chocolate (Nestlé Noir intense or Nestlé Placebo Chocolate) in the morning and 40gr chocolate in the evening. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| endothelial function | acute (2 hours), chronic (2 and 4 weeks) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| shear-stress dependent platelet function; Oxidative stress; baroreceptor function Systemic inflammatory response (assessed as change in high sensitivity CRP, 8-Isoprostanes, CD-40 ligand); Plasma epicatechins. | acute (2 hours), chronic (2 and 4 weeks) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Georg Noll, MD | Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular Center, Cardiology, University Hospital of Zurich | Zurich | 8091 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22173910 | Derived | Flammer AJ, Sudano I, Wolfrum M, Thomas R, Enseleit F, Periat D, Kaiser P, Hirt A, Hermann M, Serafini M, Leveques A, Luscher TF, Ruschitzka F, Noll G, Corti R. Cardiovascular effects of flavanol-rich chocolate in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2012 Sep;33(17):2172-80. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr448. Epub 2011 Dec 15. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006333 | Heart Failure |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| Nestlé Placebo Chocolate 40 grx2 | Dietary Supplement | Nestlé Placebo Chocolate 40 gr in the morning and 40gr chocolate in the evening. |
|