The objective of this study is to determine how protein supplementation, with or without exercise, affects functional capacity, strength, body composition, and physical activity in hemodialysis patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• On hemodialysis for more than 3 months, on a thrice weekly hemodialysis program;
• Adequately dialyzed (Kt/V ≥ 1.2).
• Age ≥ 18 years old.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients unable to perform exercise due to cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, etc., as determined by the PI and the primary physician of the subject.
• Pregnant women.
• Patients hospitalized within the last month prior to the study.