combination agent or single agent

The five components measured were symptom deterioration, BPH-related AUR, BPH-related incontinence, recurrent BPH-related Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), and BPH-related renal insufficiency.

The number of participants (par.) with symptom deterioration of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥4 points on two consecutive visits post-baseline are presented. Data are based on the first occurrence of an event after treatment start. The year-4 events include all that occured during the 4th year and beyond. The IPSS is a 7-item questionnaire measuring the level of urinary symptoms reported as the total score. Each question has a 6-point response scale (0=none/not at all to 5=almost always), with a total score ranging from 0-35: mild (0-7), moderate (8-19), or severe (20-35).

A participant was considered to have macroscopic hematuria when there was presence of blood in the urine. The event of macroscopic hematuria was either participant-reported or identified by the investigator during a clinic visit. Overall Crude Rate is the number of participants from the total number analyzed that experience experienced an incident of post-baseline BPH or Non-BPH related macroscopic hematuria. Participants may appear in both categories.

A participant was considered to have hematospermia when there was presence of blood in the semen. Hematospermia can occur from prostatitis (prostate infection), from cancer, or after a prostate biopsy. The event of hematospermia was either participant-reported or identified by the investigator during a clinic visit. Overall Crude Rate is the number of participants from the total number analyzed that experience experienced an incident of post-baseline BPH or Non-BPH related hematospermia. Participants may appear in both categories.

The IPSS is a 7-item questionnaire that measures urinary symptoms. It measures the level of urinary symptoms (including incomplete emptying, frequency, intermittency, urgency, weak stream, straining, and nocturia) reported as the total IPSS score. Each of the 7 questions has a 6-point response scale (0=none/not at all to 5=almost always) with a total score that can range from 0-35: mild (0-7), moderate (8-19), or severe (20-35). Estimates are based on adjusted (least squares) means from the general linear model: change from baseline IPSS = Treatment + Cluster + Baseline IPSS.

Peak maximum urinary flow (Qmax) of urinary flow using a Medtronic (formerly Dantec) Uroflow Meter (Urodyn 1000 or Duet models) with a Thompson filter was measured. Estimates are based on adjusted (least squares) means from the general linear model: Change from baseline Qmax = treatment + cluster + baseline Qmax.

Prostate volume measurements were conducted annually using Transurethral ultrasound (TRUS). The anteroposterior, cephalocaudal, and transverse diameters of the prostate obtained by TRUS calculate the total prostate volume centimeters (cc). Percent change from baseline = [(post-baseline - baseline)/baseline value] x 100. Estimates were based on the adjusted (least squares) means from the general linear model: log(post-baseline/baseline value) + treatment + cluster + log(baseline value) and are reported as percent change from baseline.

Prostate volume (PV) measurements were conducted annually using Transurethral ultrasound (TRUS). The anteroposterior, cephalocaudal, and transverse diameters of the prostate obtained by TRUS calculate the total PV in centimeters (cc). Results are for the transition zone measurements of the prostate in a small subset of participants. Percent change from baseline (BL) = [(post-BL - BL)/BL value] x 100. Estimates are based on the adjusted (least squares) means for the general linear model: log(post-BL/BL value) = treatment + cluster + log(BL value) and are reported as percent change from BL.

At each scheduled 13-week clinic visit post-randomization, the investigator was to record details of any health care utilization associated with an episode of AUR. Responses to the following question were recorded: "Has the participant needed to make any unscheduled visits to his general practitioner (GP)/Urologist regarding AUR symptoms since the last study visit?" If the answer to the question was "yes," the number of visits was recorded.

At each scheduled 13-week clinic visit post-randomization, the investigator was to record details of any health care utilization associated with an episode of AUR. Responses to the following question were recorded: "Would the participant have paid a visit to his GP/Urologist regarding AUR symptoms if this study visit had not been planned?". If the answer to the question was "yes," the number of Yes responses was recorded.

At each scheduled 13-week clinic visit post-randomization, the investigator was to record details of any health care utilization associated with BPH-related surgery. Responses to the following question were recorded: "Has the participant needed to visit his general practitioner (GP)/Urologist regarding BPH-related surgery since the last study visit?". If the answer to the question was "yes," the number of visits was recorded.

At each scheduled 13-week clinic visit post-randomization, the investigator was to record details of any health care utilization associated with BPH-related surgery. Responses to the following question were recorded: "Would the participant have paid a visit to his general practitioner (GP)/Urologist regarding BPH-related surgery since the last study visit?". If the answer to the question was "yes," the number of Yes responses was recorded.

At each scheduled 13-week clinic visit post-randomization, the investigator was to record details of any health care utilization associated with unplanned visits to GP/Urologist. Responses to the following question were recorded: "Has the participant had any unplanned GP/Urologist (outpatient) visits that would have taken place if a scheduled study visit had not been planned (this can include visits resulting from UTI, UI macroscopic haematuria, etc?". If the answer to the question was "yes," the number of visits was recorded.

At each scheduled 13-week clinic visit post-randomization, the investigator was to record details of any health care utilization associated with unplanned visits to GP/Urologist. Responses to the following question were recorded: "Does the participant have any unscheduled GP/Urologist (outpatients) visits planned, not relating to the study (this can include visits resulting from UTI, UI, macroscopic haematuria, etc.?". If the answer to the question was "yes," the number of visits was recorded.

The BII is a 4-item questionnaire, score range of 0 (best) to 12 (worst) for questions 1-3, and 0 (best) to 13 (worst) for question 4, that assesses the overall impact of BPH on a participant's general sense of well being and measures aspects of physical discomfort, worry, and bother, all of which can be affected by BPH and its symptoms. BII score = sum of questions 1-4. Change from baseline = Post-Baseline Value. Estimates are based on the adjusted (least squares) means from the general linear model: change from baseline BII = treatment + cluster + baseline BII.

The effect of study treatment on BHS was assessed by using three self-administered questionnaires: the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the BPH Impact Index (BII), and Patient Perception of Study Medication (PPSM). The BHS score was collected on the IPPS questionnaire and ranged from 0 (best) to 6 (worst). Percent change from baseline = [(post-baseline - baseline)/baseline value] x 100. Estimates were based on the adjusted (least squares) means from the general linear model: change from baseline BPH-related health status = treatment + cluster + baseline BPH-Related health status.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Since you began taking the study medication, how has control of your urinary problems changed?".

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "How satisfied are you with the effect of the study medication on control of your urinary problems?" Satisfact., satisfaction.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Since you began taking the study medication, how has the strength of your urinary stream changed?".

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "How satisfied are you with the effect of the study medication on the strength of your urinary stream?". Satisfact., satisfaction.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Since you began taking the study medication, how has your pain prior to urinating changed?".

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "How satisfied are you with the effect the study medication has on your pain prior to urinating?". Satisfact., satisfaction.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Since you began taking the study medication, how has your pain during urination changed?".

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "How satisfied are you with the effect the study medication has on your pain during urination?". Satisfact., satisfaction.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Since you began taking the study medication, how has the way your urinary problems interfere with your ability to go about your usual activities changed?".

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "How satisfied are you with the effect the study medication has on your ability to go about your usual activities without interference from your urinary problems?". Satisfact., satisfaction.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Overall, how satisfied are you with the study medication and it's effect on your urinary problems?". Satisfact., satisfaction.

This 12-item questionnaire (PPSM) was developed by GlaxoSmithKline for use in this study and was designed to quantify the participant's perceptions and satisfaction with the effect of study treatment on control of their urinary symptoms at baseline and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, and 48. Participants were asked to respond to the question of "Would you ask your doctor for the medication you received in this study?".

For additional information about this study please refer to the GSK Clinical Study Register

For additional information about this study please refer to the GSK Clinical Study Register

For additional information about this study please refer to the GSK Clinical Study Register

For additional information about this study please refer to the GSK Clinical Study Register

For additional information about this study please refer to the GSK Clinical Study Register

For additional information about this study please refer to the GSK Clinical Study Register

Tamsulosin 0.4 mg plus dutasteride placebo once daily for 208 weeks