Botulinum Toxin A for Jaw Dystonia .

The Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin A in the Treatment of Oromandibular Dystonia in a Sample of Yemeni Patients

This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Electromyography (EMG)-guided Botulinum Toxin type A (BTX-A) injections in treating oromandibular dystonia (OMD) among a sample of Yemeni patients. Oromandibular dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary contractions of the jaw, tongue, and face muscles, which severely interferes with essential daily functions such as chewing, speaking, and swallowing.

A prospective clinical trial was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with different clinical subtypes of OMD (jaw closing, jaw opening, and jaw deviation). Targeted muscles were injected with BTX-A using EMG guidance to ensure precise placement. Patients were evaluated over a 6-month follow-up period to measure improvements in mastication ability, speech, and functional discomfort, as well as to document any adverse side effects.

Inclusion Criteria:

i) Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of OMD based on clinical evaluation. ii) Patients who have been referred to the maxillofacial departments at the Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, specifically for the treatment of OMD.

iii) Commitment to follow-up visits

Exclusion Criteria:

i) The presence of pathological findings at the site of injection, such as fibrous dysplasia, tumors, or cysts.

ii) Patients who have known contraindications or allergies to botulinum toxin or its components.

iii) Patients who are unlikely to be available for the required follow-up visits or have limited accessibility to the study site.

iv) Previously treated with BTX-A within 6 months. v) Pregnant woman.