Scaffolding in AI-Empowered Cognitive Training Improves Outcomes in Cognitive Impairment

Scaffolding in AI-Empowered Cognitive Training Improves Outcomes in Cognitive Impairment: A Real-world Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective study aimed to validate and compare two individualized, closed-loop, AI-driven computerized cognitive training programs with a conventional non-AI training program in a real-world clinical setting. Using objective tablet-recorded data from patients' prior treatment, participants were categorized into three groups according to the training recommendation strategy they actually received. Changes in global cognitive function and specific cognitive domains after 8 weeks of training were compared across groups to evaluate the association between different training strategies and cognitive outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• age ≥ 45 years;
• a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score between 10 and 25;
• were able to communicate in Mandarin.

Exclusion Criteria:

• no completion of at least 8 weeks of training;
• no engagement in training for ≥ 60 minutes per week;
• diagnosis of depression or other psychiatric disorders;
• diagnosis of systemic diseases, such as hepatic or renal dysfunction, endocrine disorders, or vitamin deficiencies.