Effect of Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide on TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Levels in Patients With Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Study of Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Biomarkers
Effect of Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide on TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and Matrix Metalloproteinase Levels in Patients With Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Study of Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Biomarkers
This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study evaluates the effects of preoperative intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on growth factors and inflammatory mediators in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Participants are assigned to either an intervention group receiving a 2-mg intravitreal injection of TA 5-7 days before vitrectomy or a control group receiving standard surgical treatment. The study evaluates TGF-β2, TGF-β3, MMP-2, and MMP-9 levels in aqueous humor and vitreous, macrophage cell counts and inflammatory activity in vitreous, subretinal fluid optical density assessed by optical coherence tomography, and vessel diameter index assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography after surgery.
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is associated with inflammatory and fibrotic processes that may contribute to retinal structural changes and surgical failure. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are among the mediators involved in these processes, while macrophages may contribute to the inflammatory response associated with PVR.
This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study evaluates the effects of preoperative intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on growth factors and inflammatory mediators in patients with RRD and PVR. Eligible participants are allocated to receive either a 2-mg intravitreal injection of TA 5-7 days before vitrectomy or standard surgical treatment without preoperative TA.
The study evaluates TGF-β2, TGF-β3, MMP-2, and MMP-9 concentrations in aqueous humor and vitreous samples, as well as vitreous macrophage cell counts and inflammatory activity. Subretinal fluid optical density and postoperative vessel diameter index are also evaluated to assess retinal structural and vascular parameters.
The study aims to determine whether preoperative intravitreal TA is associated with changes in inflammatory and growth factor profiles, macrophage-related parameters, subretinal fluid optical density, and postoperative vascular parameters in patients with RRD and PVR.