The WISE Study (WhatsApp Intervention for Sleep in the Elderly)

Sleep hygiene education is an educational effort to teach healthy sleep habits and behaviors to improve sleep quality, duration, and regularity naturally without the use of medication; however, this approach has not been established in Indonesia. This study aims to establish a sleep hygiene education care model among lonely older adults with insomnia in Indonesia and to examine the immediate effects of the WISE Study (WhatsApp Intervention for Sleep in the Elderly) led by nurses to older adults loneliness with insomnia using a Digital Booklet. In this assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, participants will be randomly allocated to either the nurse-led WISE experimental group or the control group provided with usual care. The outcomes will include sleep parameters measured using the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep diaries. The questionnaires will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. Generalized estimating equations will be used to test the research hypotheses. Questionnaires will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. We hypothesized that older adults who were loneliness with insomnia who underwent nurse-led WISE would experience greater improvements in sleep quality compared to participants in a control group who received usual care.