Inclusion Criteria:

Healthy volunteers:

• Male and female participants
• Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years
• Absence of neurological, neuromuscular, or orthopedic conditions that may affect upper-limb use
• Willingness to comply with study procedures and to sign the informed consent form
• Ability to understand and sign the informed consent form

Patients:

• Male and female participants
• Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years
• Clinical diagnosis of acquired brain injury (ABI), in the chronic phase (≥ 6 months after the event)
• Persistent upper-limb motor impairment
• Medically stable condition and ability to sit upright or stand for the duration of the testing session
• Willingness to participate in the study intervention
• Ability to understand and sign the informed consent form
• Preserved cognitive function, assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE ≥ 24/30)

Exclusion Criteria:

Healthy volunteers:

• Age < 18 or > 80 years
• Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the study period

Patients:

• Age < 18 or > 80 years
• Cognitive impairment interfering with the understanding of the tasks or study protocol, assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE < 24/30)
• Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the study period