This randomized clinical trial included 60 infertile women diagnosed with PCOS undergoing ICSI cycles using a GnRH antagonist protocol. Participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups: the pretreatment (Cyclo) group (n = 30), which received oral estradiol valerate (Cycloprogynova) 4 mg/day during the luteal phase before stimulation, and the control group (n = 30), which did not receive pretreatment.
Primary outcomes included follicular synchronization, total gonadotropin dose, duration of stimulation, and ovarian response. Secondary outcomes included mature oocyte yield, fertilization rate, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcomes.
Inclusion Criteria:
PCOS was defined by the presence of at least two of the following:
All participants had undergone failed ovulation induction or were candidates for IVF/ICSI due to male factor infertility.
Exclusion Criteria:
received oral estradiol valerate (Cycloprogynova) 4 mg/day during the luteal phase from day 21 To day2 preceding ovarian stimulation cycle
women in the control group underwent standard GnRH antagonist stimulation without estradiol pretreatment
Cairo, Cairo Governorate 12111, Egypt
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