Patients with severe olive pollen allergy exhibit characteristic sensitization profiles, marked by strong recognition of minor allergens like Ole e 7, and, more importantly, show poor clinical responses to pharmacological treatments and immunotherapy. Previous studies have revealed that these patients experience a permanent immunological dysfunction (notably, dysregulated effector T-cell function) leading to a systemic inflammatory state that persists beyond the pollen season.

The hypothesis is that short-term treatment (6 months) with Dupilumab can stabilize and reverse the inflammatory state in patients with severe olive pollen allergy (Project PI22/01737), enabling them to transition to conventional allergen immunotherapy.

This study aims to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this immunological stabilization through multi-omics profiling (metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics) to explain the resolution of inflammation. Specifically, the goal is to restore an effective regulatory T-cell response, allowing for allergen-specific immunotherapy, which can be administered for three years in routine clinical practice as the only treatment capable of altering the disease's progression.

Since immunotherapy relies on functional regulatory T-cell responses, this approach could validate a therapeutic strategy for these patients that modifies the disease long-term, breaking the cycle of chronic inflammation. This would reduce dependency on costly biologic treatments and significantly improve the quality of life.