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This study aims to explore whether patients' tendency to exaggerate or focus on pain (pain catastrophizing) is related to experiencing nausea and vomiting after surgery. The study will include patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Before surgery, patients will answer questions measuring pain catastrophizing and rate their pain during intravenous cannulation. Nausea and vomiting will be assessed at various times during the first 24 hours after surgery. The results may help better understand how psychological factors affect postoperative symptoms.
This study is designed as a prospective, cross-sectional, and observational study. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a well-established self-report instrument developed to assess catastrophic thinking related to pain. It evaluates how individuals perceive and respond to pain, focusing on tendencies such as rumination, magnification, and feelings of helplessness. Evidence suggests that PCS is a strong predictor of pain intensity, independent of anxiety levels. In this study, the validated Turkish version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale will be used.
Postoperative nausea, vomiting, and retching are common adverse events that can complicate recovery from anesthesia. Patients often perceive these symptoms as more distressing than postoperative pain, and they represent important outcomes affecting patient satisfaction and recovery.
The present study aims to investigate the relationship between pain perception during intravenous (IV) cannulation, pain catastrophizing levels, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. By evaluating numeric pain scores during IV access alongside PCS scores, this study seeks to explore whether preoperative pain perception and psychological factors are associated with the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
The findings of this study are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the role of psychological factors in postoperative symptoms and may help improve anesthesia practices by supporting more individualized, patient-centered perioperative care.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Aged 18 to 65 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I, II, III; Patients scheduled for emergency surgery , those with significant systemic diseases (ASA > III), pregnancy, chronic opioid use, psychiatric disorders, neurological diseases, chronic renal or pulmonary disease, or those who do not provide informed consent will be exclude |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) | The primary outcome is the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) according to preoperative Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) scores. Patients will be evaluated for PONV at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. The relationship between PCS scores and the frequency of PONV will be analyzed. | Within 24 hours postoperatively |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Association between IV cannulation pain and pain catastrophizing | The secondary outcome is the relationship between pain experienced during intravenous (IV) cannulation and preoperative Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) scores. Pain during IV access will be measured using a numeric rating scale (0-10). The association between IV pain scores and PCS scores will be analyzed | Preoperative period |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The study population consists of patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Trabzon University Faculty of Medicine, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sedanur sula | Contact | +905424096196 | sulasedanur@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trabzon Kanuni Education and Research Hospital | Recruiting | Trabzon | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10475299 | Background | Macario A, Weinger M, Carney S, Kim A. Which clinical anesthesia outcomes are important to avoid? The perspective of patients. Anesth Analg. 1999 Sep;89(3):652-8. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199909000-00022. | |
| Background | Uğurlu M, Karakaş Uğurlu G, Erten Ş, Çayköylü A. Validity of Turkish form of Pain Catastrophizing Scale and modeling of the relationship between pain-related disability with pain intensity, cognitive, and emotional factors. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2017;27(2):189-196. doi:10.1080/24750573.2017.1322672 | ||
| 39797119 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020250 | Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D009325 | Nausea |
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| Background |
| Borna S, Ho OA, Gomez-Cabello CA, Haider SA, Genovese A, Prabha S, Haider CR, Felton CL, McLeod CJ, Bruce CJ, Carter RE, Forte AJ. Impact of Demographics and Psychological Factors on Three-Day Postoperative Pain Perception Following Hand Surgery. J Clin Med. 2024 Dec 25;14(1):37. doi: 10.3390/jcm14010037. |
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D014839 | Vomiting |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |