This study was initiated because of the limited litterature available on this topic. The objective was to compare adherence to antibiotic therapy among a pediatric population treated in two healthcare settings in France: the Gignac Health Center, a primary care facility, and the Pediatric Emergency Department of Montpellier University Hospital. This observational study assessed treatment adherence through a telephone questionnaire administered to parents after the theorical end of the treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 3 months to 16 years
• Receiving an outpatient oral antibiotic prescription
• Diagnosed with an acute bacterial infection

Exclusion Criteria:

• Unemancipated minors presenting without a parent or legal guardian.
• Participation in another clinical research study with an ongoing exclusion period
• Refusal to participate after the reflection period
• Parents unable to understand the study information (e.g., language barrier or cognitive impairment)
• Not affiliated with, or not a beneficiary of, a national health insurance scheme
• Pregnant or breastfeeding female participants

Pediatric patients presenting to the Gignac Primary Care Health Center or the Pediatric Emergency Department of Montpellier University Hospital with a suspected bacterial infection and considered eligible for an outpatient oral antibiotic prescription.