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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.5281/zenodo.21358369 | Registry Identifier | Zenodo |
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This randomized, three-arm study compared the effects of action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI), each delivered as a brief 10-second pre-movement stimulus, on squat vertical jump (SVJ) performance in healthy novice adults, against a control condition, over a two-week, six-session programme. For every jump, an unstimulated basic jump and a post-stimulus jump were recorded with an Optojump optical system, and the cognitive-stimulus effect was quantified as the difference between them.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Action Observation (AO) | Experimental | Before each jump, participants watched a standardized 10-second video of a model performing the squat vertical jump. |
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| Motor Imagery (MI) | Experimental | Before each jump, participants performed 10 seconds of third-person (external) visual motor imagery of the squat vertical jump. |
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| Control | No Intervention | Before each jump, participants viewed a blank black screen for 10 seconds with no imagery or observation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action observation stimulus | Behavioral | linked to Arm 1 > Ten-second observation of a video model performing the squat vertical jump immediately before each jump. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive-stimulus effect on squat vertical jump height | Within-session difference between the post-stimulus jump height and the unstimulated basic jump height (post-stimulus minus basic jump), in centimetres, measured with an Optojump optical system | Each of six sessions across two weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in squat vertical jump height across sessions | Change in post-stimulus squat vertical jump height (cm) from the first to the final training session. | Session 1 to session 6 (two weeks) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University | Beirut | Lebanon |
De-identified participant data are openly available in Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21358369).
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Participants necessarily know whether they observe vs. imagine; they were blinded to the study hypotheses and to the other arms, and jump height was measured objectively.
| Motor imagery stimulus | Behavioral | linked to Arm 2 > Ten-second third-person visual motor imagery of the squat vertical jump immediately before each jump. |
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