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This trial will test the effectiveness of a weight loss maintenance intervention designed to help participants respond more adaptively to weight regain. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In one condition, participants will receive brief exercises (e.g., written reflections, videos) sent to through a smartphone app immediately after they regain weight or miss a weigh-in. These exercises will use mindfulness, acceptance, and self-compassion strategies to help participants stay motivated for their long term goals, even when weight regain feels demoralizing. In the comparison condition, participants will receive weekly reminders of standard weight control strategies strategies.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| JITAI Condition | Experimental | Participants in this condition will receive a 6-month weight loss maintenance intervention that uses mindfulness, acceptance, and self-compassion strategies to respond to weight regain. |
|
| Active Control Condition | Active Comparator | Participants in this condition will receive minimal intervention designed to reflect "usual care" for weight loss maintenance. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JITAI Combined with psychological intervention | Behavioral | For six months, participants will receive a just-in-time adaptive interventions via a smartphone app immediately after they gain weight or they skip a weigh-in (according to a specific algorithm). Interventions will engage participants in mindfulness, acceptance, and self-compassion-based (MASC) strategies through different modalities (e.g., writing exercises, videos, audio reflections). They will take approximately 1-10 minutes. Participants will also attend an introductory workshop, during which they will receive the instructions weigh daily, learn the importance of quickly responding to weight regain, and be introduced to MASC strategies. They will also attend two booster workshops during the 6-month period. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| State negative affect | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their current negative affect. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| State shame | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their current shame. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| State Motivation | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their current feelings of motivation. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| State Self-Efficacy | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their current self-efficacy. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Current confidence in the effectiveness of weight control behaviors | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their current confidence in the effectiveness of weight control behaviors. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| State self-compassion | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their state self-compassion. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness (Hypothesized intervention mediator) | Participants will self-report their mindfulness using the present moment awareness subscale of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. | Mid-Treatment (3 months after baseline) |
| Acceptance (Hypothesized intervention mediator) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charlotte Hagerman, PhD | Contact | 14109372035 | chagerman@ori.org |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oregon Research Institute Community and Evaluation Services | Recruiting | Springfield | Oregon | 97477 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000083626 | Psychosocial Intervention |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
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| Active Control | Behavioral | For six months, participants will receive weekly, automated messages via a smartphone app with reminders of standard behavioral weight control principles. Participants will attend an introductory workshop, during which they will receive instructions to weigh daily and learn the importance of responding to weight regain. |
|
| State mindfulness | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their state mindfulness. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| State acceptance | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their state acceptance. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Self-serving interpretation of weight gain | Through ecological assessment surveys, participants will respond to a single item measuring their self-serving interpretation of the weight regain. | Whenever participants regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Daily Calorie Tracking (Yes/No) | Whether participants log their calories (at least 800 calories) using a dietary tracking app that day (yes/no). | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Daily MVPA | Minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity they engage in that day, as tracked by their Fitbit band. | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Likelihood of weighing in the following day | Likelihood that participants weigh themselves the following day on a wireless smart scale (yes/no). | Whenever participants skip a weigh-in or regain weight during the 6 month study period |
| Weight change | Using participants' weights from a wireless scale, we will calculate their percent weight change from the beginning to the end of the study period. | End of treatment (6 months after baseline) |
| Intervention acceptability | We will record the percent of participants who indicate that they are "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the program on an anonymous survey that they complete during their individual interview. | End of treatment (6 months after baseline) |
| Calorie Tracking Frequency | The number of days that participants logged their calories (at least 800 calories) using a dietary tracking app during the study period. | 6 months (duration of study period) |
| Average Weekly MVPA | Average total minutes of weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, as tracked by their Fitbit band, during the study period. | 6 months (duration of study period) |
| Frequency of Weighing In | Total number of days that participants weighed themselves on a wireless smart scale during the study period. | 6 months (duration of study period) |
Participants will self-report their mindful acceptance using the acceptance subscale of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. |
| Mid-Treatment (3 months after baseline) |
| Self-compassion (Hypothesized intervention mediator) | Participants will report their self-compassion using the State Self-Compassion Scale. | Mid-Treatment (3 months after baseline) |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |