Intravenous Chelators in Lead-Burdened Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy

A Prospective Study on Intravenous Chelator Therapy for Slowing Renal Function Progression in Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy Combined With Lead Burden

Based on previous basic experiments revealing that patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy exhibit higher blood lead levels than the general population, this study aims to systematically evaluate the impacts of short-term and long-term blood lead exposure on renal function progression in such patients, so as to provide novel epidemiological evidence for clinical intervention.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Diagnosed with type 2 diabetic nephropathy; 2. Baseline blood lead level ≥5 µg/dl; 3. Chronic kidney disease stage ≤3; 4. 24-hour urinary protein < 8 g; 5. Age ≥18 years old; 6. Able to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1. Combined hypertension; 2. Combined hyperlipidemia; 3. History of autoimmune diseases; 4. Personal history of malignant tumors; 5. Reversible renal insufficiency (malignant hypertension, urinary tract infection, recent use of nephrotoxic drugs); 6. Past occupational lead exposure history; 7. Drug allergy to calcium disodium edetate; 8. Unable to complete follow-up or provide informed consent.