Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Ethanol Ablation for Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Ethanol Ablation of Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas

This is a prospective, single-center, single-arm study evaluating endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation for left-sided aldosterone-producing adenoma. Eligible participants will receive the ablation procedure and be followed for safety, imaging response, biochemical remission, and clinical remission. The study is expected to enroll 30 participants.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis of left-sided aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma.
2. Unwillingness to undergo adrenalectomy or presence of contraindications to surgery.
3. Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of alcohol allergy.
2. Inability to discontinue beta-blockers.
3. Inability to discontinue anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, or glucocorticoids.
4. Platelet count <50 × 10^9/L or uncorrectable coagulation dysfunction.
5. Imaging findings suggestive of adrenal cyst, adrenal hematoma, or myelolipoma.
6. Presence of other active malignancies.
7. Pregnancy or breastfeeding; alcohol abuse; drug abuse; or mental disorder that may interfere with study participation.
8. Severe comorbid conditions, including any of the following: New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV heart failure or hospitalization for worsening chronic heart failure within the previous 3 months; stroke or acute coronary syndrome within the previous 3 months; severe anemia (hemoglobin <60 g/L); severe hepatic disease (alanine aminotransferase ≥3 × the upper limit of normal); severe renal disease requiring dialysis or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m²; systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS); poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (fasting blood glucose ≥13.3 mmol/L); severe obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg/m²); untreated aneurysm; or any other severe medical condition that may interfere with treatment or study follow-up.
9. Poor compliance or any other condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would make the participant unsuitable for the study.