Participants received a standardized 90-second verbal education session immediately after baseline assessment. The education covered warning signs requiring urgent dental care, appropriate home-care measures, avoidance of potentially harmful practices, and the appropriate use of antibiotics for dental pain. The content and sequence were delivered using a standardized script.

Participants reviewed a written educational leaflet for 90 seconds immediately after baseline assessment. The leaflet contained the same core messages as the verbal education, including warning signs requiring urgent dental care, appropriate home-care measures, avoidance of potentially harmful practices, and the appropriate use of antibiotics for dental pain.

Participants watched a 90-second educational video immediately after baseline assessment. The video presented the same core messages as the verbal and leaflet-based education, including warning signs requiring urgent dental care, appropriate home-care measures, avoidance of potentially harmful practices, and the appropriate use of antibiotics for dental pain.

Participants received a standardized 90-second verbal education session immediately after baseline assessment. The education included warning signs requiring urgent dental care, appropriate home-care measures, avoidance of potentially harmful practices, and guidance on the appropriate use of antibiotics for dental pain. A standardized script was used to ensure consistency of content and sequence.

Patient knowledge will be assessed using an 8-item questionnaire developed according to the standardized educational content. Each item will be scored as 1 for a correct response and 0 for an incorrect or unsure response, yielding a total score ranging from 0 to 8. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge. The change score will be calculated as the post-education score minus the baseline score (T1 - T0) and compared among the verbal, leaflet-based, and video-based education groups.

Antibiotic-related misconceptions will be assessed using a 5-item Likert-type scale. Each item will be rated from 1 to 5, yielding a total score ranging from 5 to 25. Higher scores indicate stronger endorsement of antibiotic-related misconceptions. The change score will be calculated as the post-education score minus the baseline score (T1 - T0) and compared among the three education groups.

Anxiety related to the presenting dental pain will be assessed using a numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no anxiety and 10 indicates the worst imaginable anxiety. The change score will be calculated as the post-education score minus the baseline score (T1 - T0) and compared among the verbal, leaflet-based, and video-based education groups.

Immediately after the educational intervention, participants will be asked to restate the main educational messages in their own words within approximately 20-30 seconds. Teach-back performance will be evaluated using five predefined critical elements. Each element will be scored as present or absent, yielding a total score ranging from 0 to 5. Higher scores indicate more complete recall of the educational content.