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Preoperative anxiety is common among patients undergoing elective surgery and may negatively affect perioperative outcomes. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a short educational video in reducing preoperative anxiety. Participants will be assigned to one of three groups: a QR code-based video group, a tablet-based video group, or a control group receiving standard preoperative information. Anxiety levels will be assessed using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). The secondary objective is to evaluate the utilization of QR code-based video education.
Preoperative anxiety is associated with adverse psychological and physiological responses and may negatively influence the perioperative experience. Educational interventions have been proposed as a practical strategy to improve patient understanding and reduce anxiety before surgery. Video-based education offers a standardized and accessible method for delivering information regarding anesthesia and surgical procedures.
Recent advances in digital health technologies have facilitated the use of mobile devices and QR code-based educational tools in routine clinical practice. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of different modes of video delivery on preoperative anxiety remains limited.
This study will evaluate whether a brief educational video delivered through a QR code before the day of surgery or viewed on a tablet device immediately before surgery can reduce preoperative anxiety compared with standard care. In addition, the study will assess the feasibility and utilization of QR code-based patient education in the perioperative setting. The findings may contribute to the development of accessible and scalable patient education strategies aimed at improving the surgical experience and patient-centered care.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| QR Code Video Group | Experimental | Participants will receive a QR code during the preoperative anesthesia clinic visit, allowing access to a brief educational video about anesthesia and surgery. Participants may view the video on their own devices before the day of surgery. |
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| Tablet Video Group | Experimental | Participants will watch the same educational video on a tablet device in the preoperative waiting area immediately before surgery. |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | Participants will receive standard preoperative information and routine care without exposure to the educational video. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| QR Code Video | Behavioral | Participants received a QR code providing access to the standardized preoperative educational video. They were instructed to watch the video before surgery using their own smartphone or another internet-enabled device. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale ( APAIS) | The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) will be used to assess preoperative anxiety and information requirement. Scores range from 6 to 26, with higher scores indicating greater preoperative anxiety and information requirement (worse outcome). | On the day of surgery, immediately before induction of anesthesia |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| QR Code Utilization Rate | The proportion of participants who accessed the educational video through the provided QR code before surgery. | From enrollment until immediately before anesthesia induction on the day of surgery, assessed up to 1 month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gülencan Yumuşak Ergin, MD | Contact | +905373587055 | gulencanyumusak@gmail.com | |
| Tuğba Açıkgöz | Contact | +905334318062 | gulencanyumusak@gmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gülencan Yumuşak Ergin, MD | Aksaray University Training and Research Hospital | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30764595 | Background | Cetinkaya F, Kavuran E, Unal Aslan KS. Validity and reliability of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale in the Turkish population. Turk J Med Sci. 2019 Feb 11;49(1):178-183. doi: 10.3906/sag-1806-84. | |
| 8623940 | Background | Moerman N, van Dam FS, Muller MJ, Oosting H. The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Anesth Analg. 1996 Mar;82(3):445-51. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199603000-00002. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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Participants will be randomized into one of three parallel groups: a QR code-based educational video group, a tablet-based educational video group, or a control group receiving standard preoperative information. Anxiety levels will be compared between groups using APAIS scores.
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| Tablet Video | Behavioral | Participants viewed the standardized preoperative educational video on a tablet device provided by the study staff in the preoperative waiting area before surgery. |
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