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Pressure injuries are a significant health problem, often resulting from pressure, friction, and impaired tissue perfusion, and are particularly common in individuals in intensive care, those with immobility, and those with chronic diseases. The literature extensively addresses interventions such as pressure reduction, the use of appropriate support surfaces, wound care practices, and nutritional support in the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries. However, the role of manual therapies aimed at improving circulation and lymphatic flow, such as manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), in pressure injuries has been examined in a limited number of studies. This research aims to fill a significant gap in the literature by evaluating the potential effects of manual lymphatic drainage on reducing edema, improving tissue perfusion, and supporting the wound healing process in individuals with pressure injuries.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manual lymphatic drainage group | Active Comparator | Individuals will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups in a 1:1 ratio via the website random.org. The Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool will be administered to all individuals by the researchers. The size of the wound (length*depth*width) will be measured and recorded. Standard care will be applied to the control group. The experimental group will receive standard care along with manual lymphatic drainage according to the protocol below. Afterwards, the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool will be administered to all individuals by the researchers, and the size of the wound (length*depth*width) will be measured and recorded. |
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| comparison group | Active Comparator |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Other | Individuals will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups in a 1:1 ratio via the website random.org. The Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool will be administered to all individuals by the researchers. The size of the wound (length*depth*width) will be measured and recorded. Standard care will be applied to the control group. The experimental group will receive standard care along with manual lymphatic drainage according to the protocol below. Afterwards, the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool will be administered to all individuals by the researchers, and the size of the wound (length*depth*width) will be measured and recorded. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Effect of manual lymphatic drainage | The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of manual lymphatic drainage on the healing level of pressure injuries. Wound healing will be assessed considering the wound stage (Stage 1-2-3-4, unstageable stage, and deep tissue injury) and size (length*width*depth). | 3 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rukiye kökkız, LECTURER | Contact | +90 507 140 68 98 | rky_kokkiz@hotmail.com |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003668 | Pressure Ulcer |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012883 | Skin Ulcer |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
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| Control | Other | Standard care practices will include regular position changes for patients, use of supportive surfaces to reduce pressure, maintenance of skin integrity, and keeping the wound area clean. Wound cleaning will be performed with sterile solutions, appropriate debridement methods will be applied in the presence of necrotic tissue, and suitable dressing materials will be selected according to the condition of the wound bed. In addition, patients' nutritional status, hydration level, and signs of infection will be regularly assessed, and necessary supportive treatments will be provided. |
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