The goal of this randomized clinical trial is to compare the clinical performance of three pulp capping materials used in full pulpotomy procedures in mature mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does full pulpotomy using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) provide favorable postoperative pain control and 12-month clinical success?
• Does full pulpotomy using TheraCal LC provide comparable postoperative pain control and 12-month clinical success to MTA?
• Does full pulpotomy using TheraCal PT provide comparable postoperative pain control and 12-month clinical success to MTA?

Participants will undergo full pulpotomy treatment in mandibular first or second molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. After removal of the coronal pulp tissue and achievement of hemostasis, teeth will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups.

In the MTA group, the exposed radicular pulp tissue will be covered with mineral trioxide aggregate.

In the TheraCal LC group, the exposed radicular pulp tissue will be covered with light-cured resin-modified calcium silicate material.

In the TheraCal PT group, the exposed radicular pulp tissue will be covered with dual-cured resin-modified calcium silicate material.

Postoperative pain intensity, analgesic intake, and 12-month clinical outcomes will be compared among the three groups.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients requiring full pulpotomy treatment in mandibular first or second permanent molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
• Mandibular first or second permanent molars with a preoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score ≥4, indicating moderate or severe pain.
• Vital mandibular first or second permanent molars showing positive responses to both cold and electric pulp tests.
• Teeth with deep carious lesions indicated for vital pulp therapy.
• Teeth with no radiographic evidence of periapical pathology.
• Patients who had not taken analgesics or antibiotics within the 24 hours preceding the procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Non-vital mandibular permanent molars showing negative responses to cold or electric pulp tests.
• Non-restorable teeth.
• Teeth with root caries, open apex, pulp calcification, internal or external resorption, or periodontal involvement.
• Mandibular first or second permanent molars with poor periodontal status, defined as periodontal pocket depth >4 mm.
• Teeth with radiographic evidence of periapical pathology.
• Patients with systemic conditions such as uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hematological disorders, or a history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
• Patients with contraindications to full pulpotomy treatment or local anesthesia.