Stellate Ganglion Stimulation for Restless Leg Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients

Effect of Transcutaneous Stellate Ganglion Electrical Stimulation on Restless Leg Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients

This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of transcutaneous stellate ganglion electrical nerve stimulation (TENS-SG) on restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Thirty-six patients aged 40-50 years were randomly assigned to two equal groups: Group A received active TENS-SG applied over the cervical-thoracic (stellate ganglion) region three times weekly for four weeks, while Group B received placebo stimulation.

The study evaluated multiple outcomes including RLS severity (IRLS scale), sleep quality (PSQI), quality of life (SF-12), pain perception (pressure pain threshold), blood pressure, psychological status (HADS), and plasma β-endorphin levels.

Results demonstrated that TENS-SG significantly reduced RLS severity and improved sleep quality, pain threshold, quality of life, and psychological well-being compared to placebo. It also significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure and markedly increased β-endorphin levels.

Overall, the findings suggest that TENS-SG is a safe, non-invasive, and effective intervention for improving neurological, cardiovascular, psychological, and quality-of-life outcomes in hemodialysis patients with RLS.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 36 patients will be involved in this study according to the following criteria

  • Patient undergoes four main clinical criteria for the diagnosis of RLS according to the international restless leg syndrome study group (IRLSSG) including

    1. an urge to move legs that is usually associated with paresthesia.
    2. alleviation of the symptoms by moving the legs.
    3. aggravation or exacerbation of the symptoms particularly at rest or during sitting or lying down in the bed.
    4. worsening of the signs at night.

  • Male and Female patients.

  • The age will range from 40-50 years old.

  • BMI (Body Mass Index 25-34.9 kg/m2

  • Patients with grade 2 Hypertension (160-179/100-109 mmHg)

  • Hemodialysis patients for at least 1year and have restless leg syndrome (RLS).

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of Deep venous thrombosis

  • History of Bleeding disorders
  • Have an implantable device like a pacemaker
  • Recent Infected wound
  • History of allergic response to the electrodes, gel or tape
  • patients who participating in any other exercise program
  • Loss of sensation or numbness