The Advancing Cognition and Cognitive reserve before ELective surgery to Enhance cognitive Recovery And TrajEctories (ACCELERATE) Pilot Trial estimates whether our novel, coach-supported cognitive prehabilitation strategy will achieve adequate intervention adherence in the context of a feasible multicenter trial protocol.

Background: Delirium, a fluctuating, acute disturbance in attention and awareness, develops in 15-50% of older adults after major surgery. Promising, early stage evidence suggests that cognitive prehabilitation could decrease the absolute risk of postoperative delirium by 10% or more. However, multicenter trials that feasibly optimize cognitive prehabilitation adherence amongst populations most likely to benefit from the intervention are required to advance cognitive prehabilitation toward routine practice.

Overarching Aim: The ACCELERATE Pilot Trial will estimate whether our novel, coach-supported cognitive prehabilitation strategy will achieve adequate intervention adherence in the context of a feasible multicenter trial protocol.

Methods:

Design, setting and participants: The ACCELERATE Pilot trial is prospective single-arm interventional pilot trial.

People >/= 60 years old with Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score >/= 4 having inpatient abdominal, orthopedic, spine, thoracic, pelvic, head-and-neck, and vascular surgery with expected time to surgery >/= 4 weeks will be included.

Intervention: Our intervention is a home-based, online, adaptive, multidomain cognitive prehabilitation program, using a cognitive training platform (Lumosity [Lumos Labs]), enhanced by theory- and evidence-informed structured coaching.

Outcomes and sample size: Primary outcome is intervention adherence. Secondary outcomes are monthly recruitment and fidelity to delirium assessment. Our pilot sample size of n=103 is designed to provide 80% power at a 5% level of significance to test whether the proportion of adherent patients exceeds our feasibility target of 75%.

Expertise: Our team features multidisciplinary clinical and methodological experts, nationally representative knowledge users and patient representatives.

Expected outcomes: The ACCELERATE Pilot Trial will derive robust estimates of intervention adherence when supported by structured coaching, as well as trial protocol feasibility. If the pilot trial is feasible, we will proceed with the full ACCELERATE Trial, which will be powered to estimate the effectiveness of cognitive prehabilitation in reducing delirium along with partner-prioritized secondary outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age >/= 60 years
• Planned, inpatient, surgical procedures: abdominal, orthopedic, spine, thoracic, pelvic, ENT, and vascular
• Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score >/= 4
• Expected time to surgery >/= 4 weeks
• Cognitive capacity to independently consent for surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• Cardiac and intracranial neurosurgery procedures
• Visual impairment
• Lack of English fluency

Individual participant data, including data dictionaries, will be available. This includes individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after deidentification (text, tables, figures, and appendices). The Study Protocol, Statistical Analysis Plan and Informed Consent Form will also be made available. Data will be available beginning 3 months and ending 5 years following article publication of one year follow up data. Data will be shared with researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal. Data can be used to achieve aims in a proposed proposal or for individual participant data meta-analysis. Proposals should be directed to the Principal Investigator. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement. Data will be shared via an appropriate 3rd party website that is consistent with ethical and health privacy compliant legislation at the time of study conclusion.

Data will be available beginning 3 months and ending 5 years following article publication of one year follow up data.

Data will be shared with researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal. Data can be used to achieve aims in a proposed proposal or for individual participant data meta-analysis. Proposals should be directed to the Principal Investigator. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement. Data will be shared via an appropriate 3rd party website that is consistent with ethical and health privacy compliant legislation at the time of study conclusion.