Commercial moisturizer group will be applied standard therapy by topical commercial moisturizers using in Vinmec combined with or without topical corticosteroids within 3 months. During this period, any patients have exacerbation, they will be treated rescue therapy as prescription with or without topical corticosteroids.

S. formosum-containing ointment group will be applied standard therapy by topical Theraphytoabel Theraphyto Intensive-Cure Ointment combined with or without topical corticosteroids within 3 months. During this period, any patients have exacerbation, they will be treated rescue therapy as prescription with topical corticosteroids.

The test ointment used in this study is Theraphytoabel Theraphyto Intensive-Cure Ointment (Carboexpert Inc., Daejeon, Korea), which contains various components, including herbal extracts. The content of S. Formosum leaf Extract is 0.35%

AD global severity will be assessed using the SCORAD index, a validated clinical tool. The intensity of redness, swelling, oozing/ crusting, scratch marks, lichenification and dryness will be measured over the whole body. Subjective symptoms of itch and sleeplessness were measured and skin lesion photographs were taken at every visit.

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) will be measured to assess changes in skin barrier function at baseline and after treatment using a moisturizer. Measurements will be performed on predefined lesional skin areas using GPSKIN barrier research solution 1 device (GPOWER Inc., Gyeonggi-do, South Korea) throughout the 12-week treatment, under standardized environmental conditions (room temperature 19-25°C and relative humidity 50-58%). Participants will be instructed to avoid applying topical products to the assessment site for at least 12 hours and to acclimatize in the examination room for 15 minutes before measurement. Three consecutive TEWL readings will be obtained at each assessment, and the mean value, expressed in g/m²/h, will be used for analysis.

Adverse events will be categorized as local or systemic and will be graded according to severity. Mild local adverse events will include feelings of stickiness after application, changes in clothing color, and increased sensitivity to sunlight. Moderate local adverse events will include sensitive skin irritation (e.g., itching, stinging, and burning sensations), irritant contact dermatitis characterized by erythema, mild edema, and scaling, allergic contact dermatitis presenting with erythema, vesiculation, edema, and bullae formation, as well as contact urticaria. Severe local adverse events will include eczema. Mild systemic adverse events will include headache, nausea, and dizziness. Moderate systemic adverse events will include dyspnea, while severe systemic adverse events will include anaphylaxis. All adverse events will be monitored throughout the study and will be recorded according to their severity and their potential relationship to the study treatment.