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This study investigates hamstring injury risk in football players using artificial intelligence-based motion analysis (OpenPose) and evaluates the effects of a targeted exercise intervention (FUNBALL). Hamstring risk is assessed during a 30-m sprint using sagittal-plane video analysis, and players classified as medium or high risk receive a four-month FUNBALL program. A pre-post intervention design is employed, with sprint performance, agility, balance, jumping ability, kicking power, and cognitive function assessed using standardized field and cognitive tests.
Before the implementation of the FUNBALL program, artificial intelligence (OpenPose) based hamstring risk analysis and 30-meter sprint test, 505 agility and direction change test, modified star balance test, 5-point jump test, maximum shot distance test and cognition tests will be applied as pre-tests (18,19). AI risk analysis will be done by examining video (30 frame rate) captured with a phone camera (iPhone 14 Pro) from the sagittal (side) plane during the 240 m sprint test. The camera will be positioned 15 meters from the level of the middle of the 30-meter sprint test with the help of a tripod. It will follow the participant's run for 30 meters in motion. The football player will be asked to do a 30 m sprint with 3 repetitions and the average of 3 repetitions will be taken as a basis. According to the artificial intelligence risk analysis, the FUNBALL program will be applied to medium and high risk groups for 4 months. At the end of the Middle Program, the same parameters will be re-evaluated. Hamstring risk analysis and speed parameter will be evaluated with 30 meter sprint test, agility parameter 505 with direction change and agility test, cognition parameter with color word stroop test, n-back test and digit span test, balance and proprioception parameter with modified star balance test, jump parameter with 5-point jump test, and power parameter with maximum shot distance test.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| FUNBALL Intervention Arm | Experimental |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FUNBALL Prevention Program | Other | The FUNBALL Prevention Program is an evidence-based injury prevention exercise program described in the literature. The program was developed by Obertinca et al. and has been shown to reduce thigh muscle injury incidence by approximately 38% in football players. In the present study, the FUNBALL program is implemented as a structured training intervention aimed at reducing hamstring injury risk. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Classified as High Hamstring Injury Risk by OpenPose-Based Biomechanical Analysis | Outcome measure: Number of participants classified as high hamstring injury risk. Assessment tool: OpenPose-based biomechanical motion analysis of a 30-meter sprint. Classification is based on hip flexion angle, knee extension angle, and terminal swing phase mechanics. Unit of measure: Number of participants classified as high risk. | Baseline (Day 0) and post-intervention (Week 12) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 505 COD Agility Test | The 505 Change of Direction (COD) test is a widely used field-based assessment designed to evaluate an athlete's ability to decelerate, rapidly change direction, and re-accelerate over a short distance. The players are going to sprint forward 10 m, perform a 180-degree turn off a designated foot at the 5-m mark, and sprint back as quickly as possible, with total time is going to record using electronic timing gates or a stopwatch. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Elif Tuğçe t Çil Sertöz, Asst. Prof. Dr. | Yeditepe University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbulspor Ömer Sarıalioglu Football Team Facilitu | Istanbul | Büyükçekmece | 34537 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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January 2026-January 2027
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| Baseline (Day 0) and post-intervention (Week 12) |
| Number of Players With Elevated Hamstring Injury Risk During Sprint Testing | The primary outcome will be the number of players identified with elevated hamstring injury risk during a 30-m sprint test, assessed using an artificial intelligence-based movement analysis. | Baseline (Day 0) and post-intervention (Week 12) |
| N-Back Task Accuracy (%) | Working memory performance assessed using a computerized N-Back task and reported as percentage accuracy (%). | Baseline (Day 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 12) |
| Digit Span Total Score | Total number of correctly recalled digits during a computerized Digit Span task. | Baseline (Day 0) and Post Intervention (Week 12) |
| Composite Reach Distance in Modified Star Excursion Balance Test | Composite normalized reach distance during the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test. | Baseline ( Day 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 12) |
| Horizontal Distance in Multiple Five Bounds Test | Horizontal distance achieved during the Multiple Five Bounds Test assessing horizontal power. | Baseline (Day 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 12) |
| Maximal Soccer Ball Kicking Distance | Maximum horizontal distance of a soccer ball following a maximal instep kick. | Baseline (Day 0) and Post-Intervention (Week 12) |
| Stroop Reaction Time | Mean reaction time during incongruent trials of a computerized Stroop task. | Baseline (Day 0) and Week 12 |