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The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of foam rolling (FR) on recovery by examining selected time-domain and frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in elite swimmers following intensive interval sprint training. It was hypothesized that FR would enhance HRV recovery compared to active recovery performed through swimming.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Swimm + Foam rolling (FR) | Experimental |
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| Swimm (NFR) | Active Comparator |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swimming+FoamRollingRecovery | Other | warm-up: 5 min FR, 5 min stretching, 1500 m low-tempo freestyle swim (~20 min). PreT: HR and HRV baseline measurements. 1T: 50 m swim at 90-100% intensity; HRV, recorded. 2T: 3 × 50 m swim at 90-100% intensity with passive rest (~15 s) between repetitions; HR recorded. Recovery Protocols: FR: 750 m Low Initensity Freestyle Swimming (~10 min) + 10 min FR. PostT: HRV was recorded. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate Variability (HRV) | Time-Domain Parameters of HRV: RR, SDNN, RMSSD, StressIndex Frequency-Domain Parameters of HRV: VLF, LF, HF mesured 4 time during intervantion Pretest, T1, T2 an Postest | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 15 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Sport Sciences | Bursa | 16059 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30300066 | Background | Solana-Tramunt M, Morales J, Busca B, Carbonell M, Rodriguez-Zamora L. Heart-Rate Variability in Elite Synchronized Swimmers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2019 Apr 1;14(4):464-471. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0538. Epub 2019 Feb 22. | |
| 36467308 | Background | Kopec T. Acute Effects of a Single-Session of Full-Body Foam Rolling on Heart Rate Variability. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork. 2022 Dec 1;15(4):18-25. doi: 10.3822/ijtmb.v15i4.739. eCollection 2022 Dec. |
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Participants are Elite Swimmers who participated in competitions.
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| SwimmingRecovery | Other | warm-up: 5 min FR, 5 min stretching, 1500 m low-tempo freestyle swim (~20 min). PreT: HRV baseline measurements. 1T: 50 m swim at 90-100% intensity; HRV recorded. 2T: 3 × 50 m swim at 90-100% intensity with passive rest (~15 s) between repetitions; HRV recorded. Recovery Protocols: NFR: 1500 m Low Intensity Freestyle Swimming (~20 min). PostT: HRV recorded. |
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| 36135035 | Background | Flatt AA, Hornikel B, Nakamura FY, Esco MR. Effect of Competitive Status and Experience on Heart Rate Variability Profiles in Collegiate Sprint-Swimmers. J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Oct 1;36(10):2898-2904. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003992. Epub 2021 Feb 26. |
| 20379043 | Background | Chen JY, Lee YL, Tsai WC, Lee CH, Li YH, Tsai LM, Chen JH, Lin LJ. Cardiac autonomic functions derived from short-term heart rate variability recordings associated with nondiagnostic results of treadmill exercise testing. Int Heart J. 2010 Mar;51(2):105-10. doi: 10.1536/ihj.51.105. |
| 35468639 | Background | Bestwick-Stevenson T, Toone R, Neupert E, Edwards K, Kluzek S. Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review. Int J Sports Med. 2022 Dec;43(14):1151-1162. doi: 10.1055/a-1834-7177. Epub 2022 Apr 25. |
| 37526535 | Background | Barrenetxea-Garcia J, Nuell S, Garai S, Murua-Ruiz A, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Calleja-Gonzalez J, Saez de Villarreal E. Effect of Foam Roll recovery method on performance in water polo players: a randomized controlled trial. Phys Sportsmed. 2024 Jun;52(3):262-270. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2023.2240274. Epub 2023 Aug 1. |
| 17111320 | Background | Atlaoui D, Pichot V, Lacoste L, Barale F, Lacour JR, Chatard JC. Heart rate variability, training variation and performance in elite swimmers. Int J Sports Med. 2007 May;28(5):394-400. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-924490. Epub 2006 Nov 16. |