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In this experimental crossover study using the da Vinci simulator, the aim is to investigate how classical music influences the surgical performance of medical students. Following a brief training phase, participants complete standardized tasks under two conditions (no music vs. classical music). Performance is assessed using an objective trainer score. The study is conducted in a risk-free simulation environment, the stimuli are standardized, participation is voluntary, and data are collected in a pseudonymized manner. The goal is to obtain evidence-based insights into the effects of music and distraction on training and the working environment in robotic surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| No music exposure while performing standardize exercises | No Intervention | After a short training phase, participants perform the standardized exercises on the da Vinci simulator without any background music. | |
| Classical Music exposure while performing standardize exercises | Active Comparator | After a short training phase, participants perform the standardized exercises on the da Vinci simulator while listening to classical music. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure to Classical Music | Behavioral | Exposure to Classical Music through headphones while performing standardized exercises on the da Vinci robotic surgery simulator. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Da Vinci Surgical Performance Score | The primary outcome measure reflects the objective performance in the robotic da Vinci simulator and is automatically calculated by the simulation system based on parameters including total task completion time, error rate, and task precision. A higher score indicates a better performance during the task. | Once after each cycle (estimated: 15 minutes per cycle) of performing the standardized simulated surgical tasks (once with and once without exposure to Classical Music), the Performance Score will be measured by the simulation system. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Subjective Performance Score 1 | Subjective measures of workload and perception are collected by using the SURG-TLX questionnaire (including subscales for mental and physical workload, time pressure, task complexity, stress, and distraction) including 6 questions (0-21 points per question) with a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 126 points. A lower score indicates better subjective performance. | After each cycle (estimated: 15 minutes per cycle)of performing the standardized simulated surgical tasks (once with and once without exposure to Classical Music), the Subjective Performance Score will be measured by the SURG-TLX. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
The study includes adult (≥ 18 years) medical students between the first completed and the twelfth completed semester. Prior experience in robotic surgery or with training simulators is not required; however, basic familiarity with the use of technical devices is necessary. Furthermore, participants must have sufficient knowledge of German or English to provide informed consent and fully understand the instructions.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical University of Vienna | Vienna | State of Vienna | 1090 | Austria |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Apr 13, 2026 |
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| Subjective Performance Score 2 | Subjective measures of workload and perception are collected by using an additional questionnaire for a brief self-assessment of concentration and perceived distraction including 3 questions (0-10 points per question) with a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 30 points. A higher score indicates better subjective performance. | After each cycle (estimated: 15 minutes per cycle) of performing the standardized simulated surgical tasks (once with and once without exposure to Classical Music), the Subjective Performance Score will be measured by the additional questionnaire. |
| May 22, 2026 |
| Prot_SAP_000.pdf |