The Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on the Composition of Erythrocyte Membranes

The Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on the Composition of Erythrocyte and Neuromuscular System in Athletes

Therefore, the aim of our project will be to assess the impact of omega-3 fatty acid on the neuromuscular system (muscle tensomyography- TMG), the composition and fluidity of erythrocyte cell membranes, the lipid profile and the antioxidant status of the blood.

The ability of skeletal muscles to generate force and resist fatigue is essential for athletic performance. Training adaptations within the neuromuscular system and skeletal muscles modulate the muscles' ability to produce force and resistance to fatigue. Much research has been conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplements on skeletal muscle adaptation to strength training (e.g., protein supplementation) and methods to support endurance performance (e.g., carbohydrate loading). However, limited research has been conducted to date on the effects of dietary supplements on the neuromuscular system.The research will focus on the effect of 4 and 8 weeks of supplementation with high doses of omega 3 fatty acids on the level of omega 3/omega6 fatty acids, the level of TRANS fatty acids and AA (arachidonic acid) fatty acid using a mixed diet. Additionally, we will examine the effect of this supplementation on the neuromuscular system (muscle tensomyography -TMG), the composition and fluidity of erythrocyte cell membranes, the lipid profile and the antioxidant status of the blood. The research will use innovative assumptions - high doses of omega 3 fatty acids. Additionally, a new laboratory tool will be used to assess the level of individual fatty acids (omega 3, omega 6) in the blood, the level of which shows or excludes latent inflammation in the body.

**Inclusion Criteria:**

• Male participants aged 20-40 years.
• Apparently healthy individuals, as determined by medical history and self-reported health status.
• Physically active, engaging in regular physical activity at least 3 times per week for the previous 6 months.
• Following a mixed diet.
• Willingness to maintain habitual dietary and physical activity patterns throughout the study.
• Willingness to refrain from consuming dietary supplements other than those provided as part of the study.

**Exclusion Criteria:**

• Current use of dietary supplements within 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
• Following a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic, high-carbohydrate, vegetarian, or vegan diet.
• Presence of gastrointestinal disorders affecting nutrient absorption, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, or other clinically significant gastrointestinal conditions.
• History of cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, hepatic, renal, neurological, or autoimmune diseases.
• Current use of medications known to affect lipid metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant status, or cognitive function.
• Known allergy or intolerance to study supplements or their ingredients.
• Participation in another clinical trial within the previous 3 months.